Doping
“In semiconductor production, doping is the process of intentionally introducing impurities into an extremely pure (also referred to as intrinsic) semiconductor to change its electrical properties. The impurities are dependent upon the type of semiconductor. Lightly- and moderately-doped semiconductors are referred to as extrinsic. A semiconductor doped to such high levels that it acts more like a conductor than a semiconductor is referred to as degenerate.” (Wikipedia, Doping, 12/7/2011)
Recent Journal Articles
Improved Performance of Polymer:Polymer Solar Cells by Doping Electron-Accepting Polymers with an Organosulfonic Acid
(4527–4534)Advanced Functional Materials 21 #23 (2011)
Nam et al, South Korea, improved the performance of polymer:polymer solar cells that are made using blend films of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-co- benzothiadiazole (F8BT) by doping the F8BT polymer with an organosulfonic acid [4-ethylbezenesulfonic acid (EBSA)]. The F8BT-EBSA films exhibit huge photoluminescence quenching, ionization potential shift toward lower energy, and greatly enhanced electron mobility. The short-circuit current density of solar cells is improved by ca. twofold (10 wt.% EBSA doping), while the open-circuit voltage increases by ca. 0.4 V. Consequently, the power conversion efficiency was improved by ca. threefold, even though the optical density of the P3HT:F8BT-EBSA blend film is reduced by 10 wt.% EBSA doping due to the nanostructure and surface morphology change. (RDC 12/6/2011)