Drying
“Drying is a mass transfer process consisting of the removal of water or another solute by evaporation from a solid, semi-solid or liquid. The solute to be removed is almost always water, especially so in bioproducts like food, grains, and pharmaceuticals like vaccines. However, if it is not water, it is typically still a substance which is a liquid at room temperature. This process is often used as a final production step before selling or packaging products, so the substance that is dried will hereforth be reffered to as the product. To be considered "dried", the final product must be solid, in the form of a continuous sheet (e.g. paper), long pieces (e.g. wood), particles (e.g. cereal grains like corn flakes) or powder (e.g. sand, salt, washing powder, milk powder). A source of heat, and way to removed the vapor produced by the process are necessary. In bioproducts like food, grains, and pharmaceuticals like vaccines, the solvent to be removed is almost invariably water.”
“In the most common case, a gas stream, e.g., air, applies the heat by convection and carries away the vapor as humidity. Other possibilities are vacuum drying, where heat is supplied by conduction or radiation (or microwaves) while the vapor thus produced is removed by the vacuum system. Another indirect technique is drum drying (used, for instance, for manufacturing potato flakes), where a heated surface is used to provide the energy and aspirators draw the vapor outside the room.”
Intermittent Drying
Nanoparticles by Spray Drying
Processing
Fabrication