Intumescent Flame Retardants
"Intumescent compositions may be generally described as those compounds and mixtures which swell upon heating to produce a voluminous char or residue. A familiar example of such compositions is mercuric thiocyanate or "pharaoh's serpents" which, when ignited, forms a voluminous ash that resembles a moving serpent. Other compositions have been formulated which combust to form adherent, tough insulating foams that resist further burning and act to insulate and protect the underlying substrate. These formulations have found wide commercial use in fire retardant paints and mastics". [US Patent 4,341,694 (7/27/1982)]
Recent US Patents
To go to the text version of the patent, click on US Patent Number Search and enter the patent number in the search box. 4/28/2009 7,523,590 Intumescent firestopping apparatus and method 4/21/2009 7,521,495 Intumescent electrical installation systems and processes for their production 11/25/2008 7,455,898 Textile products having flame retardant properties and methods of manufacture
Recent Journal Articles
To get to the abstract or article, copy the citation and paste it into favorite search engine (ex. Google). 7/31/2009 Halogen-free Intumescent Flame Retardant for ABS/PA6/SMA Alloys (651 – 662) Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part B - Physics 48 #4 (2009) 7/24/2009 Flammable, thermal, and mechanical properties of intumescent flame retardant PP/LDH nanocomposites with different divalent cations (p 1000-1006) Polymer Composites 30 #7 (2009) Synthesis of a novel oligomeric intumescent flame retardant and its application in polypropylene (p 1326-1331) Polymer Engineering & Science 49 #7 (2009) Synergistic Effects of Nano-BaWO4 on Intumescent Flame-Retarded Polypropylene (621 – 626) Polymer - Plastics Technology and Engineering 48 #6 (2009) 7/24/2009 Flame retardancy and thermal degradation of intumescent flame retardant polypropylene with MP/TPMP (p 696-702) Polymers for Advanced Technologies 20 #8 (2009) 7/17/2009 Preparation and Characterization of Core/Shell-like Intumescent Flame Retardant and its Application in Polypropylene (837 – 846) Studies on the effect of 4A zeolite on the properties of intumescent flame-retardant agent filled natural rubber composites (427-436) Journal of Polymer Research 16 #4 (2009) 7/10/2009 Intumescent polylactide: A nonflammable material (p 3860-3865) Journal of Applied Polymer Science 113 #6 (2009) Intumescent flame retardant-montmorillonite synergism in ABS nanocomposites (238-245) Applied Clay Science 43 #1-2 (2008) Effect of Modified Intumescent Flame Retardant via Surfactant/Polyacrylate Latex on Properties of Intumescent Flame Retardant ABS Composites (1087 – 1095) Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part B - Physics 47 #6 (2008) Synergistic Effect of Lanthanum Oxide on Intumescent Flame-Retardant Polypropylene-based Formulations (399-414) Journal of Fire Sciences 26 #5 (2008) Combustion Behavior of Intumescent Flame Retardant Polypropylene Composites ( 455-469) Journal of Fire Sciences 26 #5 (2008) A study of the novel intumescent flame-retarded PP/EPDM copolymer blends (p 3804-3811) Journal of Applied Polymer Science 110 #6 (2008) Effect of expandable graphite on the properties of intumescent flame-retardant polyurethane foam (p 2586-2594) Journal of Applied Polymer Science 110 #5 (2008) (Titles and Abstracts) (H) Flammability and Thermal Oxidative Degradation Kinetics of Magnesium Hydroxide and Expandable Graphite Flame Retarded Polypropylene Composites (712 – 720) Journal of Macromolecular Science Part A - Pure and Applied Chemistry 45 #9 (2008) Effects of metal chelates on a novel oligomeric intumescent flame retardant system for polypropylene (286-291) Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 82 #2 (2008)
Review Articles
To get to the abstract and the article, open up your internet search engine and copy the title to the search box. Once on the Journal's website, find the year and issue. Then scroll to the article.
Editor's Notes
As the literature is reviewed, and items of interest concerning this topic are found. These may be added in an abbreviated form with the reference. Readers and contributors are invited to add their own notes. Contributors may add them directly and other readers can simply send their notes to the editor, Roger Corneliussen at rcorneliussen@4spe.org. He may edit and add them to this page at his discretion.