Oriented films are formed by stretching a thermoplastic film above its orientation temperature and then set by cooling or heating. Orientation improves the mechanical properties of the film, such as shrink tension and orientation release stress. Both of these properties may be measured according to ASTM D 2838 69 (reapproved 1975). Generally, the orientation temperature is above room temperature and below the melting point of the thermoplastic material. When stretching is applied in one direction, uniaxial orientation results. When stretching is applied in two directions, biaxial orientation results. (Kendig and Sobataka, US Patent 7,569,276, 8/4/2009)

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