Recycling
Recycling is the reuse of materials after use in another application. Recycling reduces the raw material consumption, energy usage, air pollution, water pollution band greenhouse gas emissions. Recycling is a key component of modern waste management. Recyclable materials include glass, paper, metal, textiles, electronics (cell phones, computers, plastics or nearly everything manufactured. Composting of biodegradable waste – such as food or garden waste – is not considered recycling but rather disposal. Recycling usually includes collection, sorting, cleaning and reprocessing. Simply cleaning and reusing some items like containers is considered a form of recycling. (RDC 3/26/2009) (Wikipedia, Recycling, 4/25/2011)
Chemical Recycling
Clean-Up
Condensation Polymers
Depolymerization
HDPE Recycling
Materials
Mechanical Recycling
PET Recycling
PLA Recycling
Polyamide Recycling
Polycarbonate Recycling
Polyester Recycling
Polyethylene Recycling
Polyurethane Recycling
PVC Recycling
Pyrolysis
Recycling Acrylics
Recycling Asphalt
Recycling Circuit Boards
Recycling Construction Materials
Recycling Elastomers /Rubber
Recycling Polypropylene (PP)
Recycling Tires
Separations
Recent US Patents
11/29/2011
8,066,785
Process for recycling waste materials
Gonchar et al of Recarbon, Pennsylvania, used biodiesel and other high boiling esters with short alkyl groups to produce liquid fuels from waste material. The waste material is added to a solvent having a predetermined cycle starting solvent volume. An energy source is introduced into the solvent for a predetermined time at a predetermined temperature and pressure to form a non-grindable product. (RDC 12/5/2011)
11/29/2011
8,066,207
Method for processing and analyzing contaminated mixed waste plastics to produce reformulated, blended feed materials having desired physical properties
Brooks and Becker of Advanced Environmental Recycling Technologies, Arkansas, developed a method for reformulating reclaimed, contaminated mixed waste plastics into useful articles where batches of the mixed waste plastics are preprocessed to produce substantially homogeneous mixtures of a desired particle size range that are characterized according to at least one of their respective plastic content, densities, color and degree of contamination, and are thereafter blended to produce a mixed plastic feed material having properties predetermined to be desirable for reprocessing into at least one of such useful articles. (RDC 123/2/2011)
10/11/2011
8,034,271
Process for making composite products from fibrous waste material
Fan and Bonfield of Building Research Establishment, Great Britain,made composite products from waste material by a) obtaining fibrous material produced by the thermal treatment of waste materials with pressurized steam; b) mixing the fibrous material with a binding material; c) forming the resulting mixture into a shape; d) pressing the shaped mixture under pressure; and e) hardening the mixture; wherein the process also comprises the steps of the separating out the fibrous material and deodorizing the fibrous material. The waste material may be domestic bin liner waste. (RDC 10/13/2011)
2/15/2011
7,887,726
Self-Reinforced Composite made of Recycled Materials and Process of making the same.
Tsai of Novana, Georgia, developed a a self-reinforced composite of a recycled fiber having a Young's modulus at least about 500 MPa in a recycled thermoplastic matrix from the carpet and automotive industries. The process is based on melt-blending recycled immiscible polymers, phase-migration fiber spinning the recycled immiscible polymers to form a fiber surrounded by a second recycled thermoplastic polymer, and (c) drawing the fiber to form a high modulus fiber. (RDC 8/26/2011)
10/12/2010
7,811,402
Polymer recovery method from polarizing plates and methods of producing recycled polymer films and polarizing plates
Nimura from Fuji Film, Japan separated films attached to polarizing plates for recycling by soaking in water and shearing the film from the plates. (RDC 1/10/2011)
8/17/2010
7,776,948
Composite counterweight and method of making same
DeVito et al of Innotec have developed a counterweight for machines based on dense mill wastes and taconite mining wastes,which arepulverized and mixed with a recycled polymeric binder, melted,and extruded. (RDC 10/30/2010)
7,776,243
Recycled materials strengthening process, system and products
Braun et al from Hawaii have developed a process for recycling plastics from garbage. The plastics are shredded within the garbage, heated to form a slurry and extruded thorugh a venturi pipe. (The Venturi effect is the reduction in fluid pressure when fluid flows through a restricted section o pipe.) The Venturi pipe orients fibers, strengthening the material. (RDC 10/30/2010)
7/20/2010
7,758,729
System for Recycling Plastics
DeWhitt has developed a system for recycling plastics based on heating the material in a vacuum through incremental set temperatures and collecting the resulting vapors and materials.
Recent Journal Articles
Physical and Mechanical Properties of Rapeseed Waste-filled LLDPE Composites
(447-458) Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials 24 #4 (2011)
Abstract
Zabihzadeh et al, Iran, formed flat-pressed composites using linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) and rapeseed waste by hot pressing. The flexural strength was shown to decrease significantly with an increase in the filler content, while the flexural modulus increased insignificantly. With the increase of the filler content, the water absorption and the thickness swelling were increased significantly due to the strong hydrophilicity of lignocellulosic filler. Water absorption was proved to follow the kinetics of a Fickian diffusion process. (RDC 7/14/2011)
Application of waste products from agricultural-food industry for production of rigid polyurethane-polyisocyanurate foams
(631-638) Journal of Porous Materials 18 #5 (2011)
Joanna, Bogusław and Joanna of Casmir, The Great University, Poland) used solid parts of the wheat slops (90% w/w of dry mass and 10% w/w of water) as a filler (5–30% w/w in relation to the sum of polyisocyanate and polyol masses) in PUR-PIR composition. (RDC 9/7/2011)
Evaluation of dielectric behavior of bio-waste reinforced polymer composite
(134-141) Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 30 #2 (2011)
Abstract
Mishra and Reddy, ational Institute of Technology, India, prepared coir dust reinforced epoxy. The dielectric parameters (relative permittivity ε′, dielectric loss ε′′), AC conductivity σ, and resistivity ρ of pure epoxy resin and composites with different weight percent of coir dust were obtained in a frequency range of 100 Hz to 1 MHz, and temperature range of 30—150°C. The experimental results show that ε′, ε′′, and σ are increased and ρ is decreased with the addition of coir dust in epoxy resin. It is also observed that the dielectrical properties of the composites showed a strong dependence on frequency and temperature. (RDC 2/24/2011)
New (PP/EPR)/nano-CaCO3 based formulations in the perspective of polymer recycling. Effect of nanoparticles properties and compatibilizers
(896–903)Polymers for Advanced Technologies 21 #12 (2010)
Mnif et al of France and Tunsia studied the phase structure of composite polypropylene (PP)/ethylene–propylene–rubber (EPR)/coated nano-CaCO3 composites, used in the manufacture of bumpers, with and without compatibilizers. Blends of various compositions were prepared using a corotating twin-screw extruder. The experimental results indicated that the dispersion of nanoparticles in (PP/EPR) depends on their surface (stearic acid and fatty acid coatings). According to the nature of the compatibilizers and surface treatment, it is believed that the synergistic effect of both the EPR elastomer and CaCO3 nanoparticles should account for the balanced performance of the ternary composites. (RDC 2/4/2011)
A study of the recycling and stability of flexographic photopolymer plates
(pages 1436–1441)Journal of Applied Polymer Science 118 #3 (2010)
Cordeiro et al have successfully blended used flexographic photopolymer plates with polyopropylene and ethylenevinylacetate polymers.
Review Articles
Development of materials and technologies for control of polymer recycling
(435-447) Polymer Journal 43 #5 (2011)
Abstract
Nishida of the Kyushu Institute of Technology, Japan, reviewed the movement toward a recycling-based society through the essential development of recyclable materials alongside technologies for controlling recycling. Recently, there has been progress in producing various polymers and technologies with the aim of achieving circulative utilization. For example, the upgrade recycling of commodity plastics, selective transformation of engineering plastics, selective depolymerization of various polymers in supercritical fluids, crosslinking–decrosslinking control using reversible reactions and developments in biomass-based recyclable polymers. Despite great strides taken in the effectiveness, efficiency and precision of these polymers and technologies, further improvements will be required to meet the practical requirements of a responsible sustainable system for the recycling of containers, packages, electric household appliances and end-of-life vehicles all of which are operated in compliance with the recycling laws of Japan. (RDC 6/8/2011)
