Core-shell ZrO2/PMMA composites via dispersion polymerization in supercritical fluid: Synthesis, characterization and mechanism
(1176–1183)Journal of Applied Polymer  Science 123 #2 (2012)
Haldorai, Zong and Shim of Yeungnam University, South Korea, synthesized zirconia (ZrO2) particles of average size 200 nm by the sol–gel method and formation of composites with poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) via in situ radical dispersion polymerization in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) using a commercially available stabilizer poly(dimethylsiloxane)-g-pyrrolidone carboxylic acid (Monosil PCA).  ZrO2 particles were first surface-modified by the silane coupling agent methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTMS), which is capable of copolymerizing with methyl methacrylate (MMA) and provide a reactive CC bond.  TEM analysis confirmed the core–shell morphology. (RDC 10/12/2011)

Photoinitiated precipitation polymerization in liquid CO2: Fast formation of crosslinked poly(acrylic acid-co-methoxy polyethylene glycol acrylate) microspheres
(4660–4667)Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer  Chemistry 49 #21 (2011)
Wu et al of Sun Yat-Sen University, China, carried out photoinitiated precipitation polymerization of acrylic acid (AA) and methoxy polyethylene glycol acrylate (MPEGA) in liquid carbon dioxide using ethanol as cosolvent and trimethylol propane triacrylate (TMPTA) as crosslinker.  Monodisperse crosslinked microspheres were obtained with size polydispersity index as low as 1.027.  The particle yield rose sharply after irradiation and reached to 52% at 5 min, then gently increased to 65% at 60 min, suggesting that most of microspheres were produced in the first 5 min of irradiation.  The particle number increased incessantly till very late stage of reaction, which could be attributed to the direct generation of stable nuclei from the fast crosslinking polymerization instead of oligomer aggregation.  X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that the microspheres obtained by this procedure were covered with abundant carbon double bonds. (RDC 10/4/2011)

Homogeneous Phase Copolymerizations of Vinylidene Fluoride and Hexafluoropropene in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide
(8–21)Macromolecular Reaction Engineering 5 #1 (2011)
Möller and Beuermann of the University of Potsdam,, Germany copolymerized vinylidene fluoride (VDF) and hexafluoropropene (HFP) in a homogeneous phase with supercritical carbon dioxide up to complete VDF conversion using conventional peroxide initiators. (RDC 1/21/2011)

Synthesis of TiO2-polymer nanocomposite in supercritical CO2 via RAFT polymerization 
(5345-5351) Polymer 51 #23 (2010)
Hojjati and Charpentier of the University of Western Ontario, Canada grew polymer chains of PMMA from nano titania (n-TiO2) spherical surfaces by the Reversible Addition Fragmentation Chain Transfer Polymerization process (RAFT) using the green solvent, supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2).  Increased CO2 pressure provided a higher rate of polymerization and longer chain lengths.  (RDC 12/17/2010)

Grafting modification of ramie fibers with poly(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate) via reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization in supercritical carbon dioxide  
 (972-979) Reactive and Functional Polymers 70 #12 (2010)
Liu et al from Shaanxi Normal University, China used reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization was used to control the grafting of 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate (TFEMA) with ramie fibers in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2). The modified ramie fibers were highly hydrophobic with water contact angles of up to 149°. (RDC 11/18/2010)

Synthesis of Polyvinylpyrrolidone and Its Nanosilver-Based Polymer Composites in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide
(165) Polymer Science: Series B 52 #3-4 (2010)
  abstract
Said-Galiev et from the Russian Academy of Sciences formed polyvinylpyrrolidone containing 1 nm silver particles by synthesizing the polymer in supercritical carbon dioxide at 20 MPa, impregnating with a silver complex of 1,5(cyclooctadiene)-1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoroacetyl acetonate and reducing the silver with hydrogen.  (RDC 11/12/2010)