"Welding is a fabrication or sculptural process that joins materials, usually metals or thermoplastics, by causing coalescence. This is often done by melting the workpieces and adding a filler material to form a pool of molten material (the weld pool) that cools to become a strong joint, with pressure sometimes used in conjunction with heat, or by itself, to produce the weld. This is in contrast with soldering and brazing, which involve melting a lower-melting-point material between the workpieces to form a bond between them, without melting the workpieces."
(Wikipedia, Welding, 12/6/2010)

Butt Fusion Welding HDPE Pipe
Electromagnetic Welding
Fabrication
    
Friction Stir Welding
Laser Welding    

Ultrasonic Welding   

Vibration Assisted Welding

Recent US Patents

01/04/2011
7,861,757
Flashless welding method and apparatus

Knapp of Spring Steel, Ohio, has developed a  method for welding two separate ends of an extrusion or two separate extrusion ends to form a flashless extrudate or gasket by having a first and a second mold for supporting and clamping the extrusion ends, and a spacer bar for positioning the extrusion ends to a location within the mold.  A heating element elevates the temperature of the extrusion ends to a welding condition, and a clamping device is used for securing the extrusion ends. A flashless welding operation results by inserting and clamping at least one heated extrusion end into a welding mold until an acceptable contact pressure is obtained against the opposing heated extrusion end.  (RDC 7/11/2011)

11/2/2011
7,824,173
Apparatus for molding a hollow molded article

Nishida of The Japan Steel Works, Japan, has developed a method for molded simultaneously parts and have the  joint end faces by joined using a slide die, a fixed die, and first and second slide cores fitted to the fixed die.  Heating surfaces are inserted between the joint end faces. After melting the joint end faces, the heating surfaces are retracted, and the molding device is closed to weld the joint end faces.  (RDC 2/22/2011)

9/28/2010
7,802,601
Joining press for joining the ends particularly of a conveyor belt and the like

Marzona has developed a joining press for joining the ends of a conveyor belt consisting of lower and upper heating plates which can be engaged by pusher pads in order to apply the necessary pressure, the plates being supported by reaction beams to contain a load applied by the pusher pads.  (RDC 12/6/2010)