SPE Library
The SPE Library contains thousands of papers, presentations, journal briefs and recorded webinars from the best minds in the Plastics Industry. Spanning almost two decades, this collection of published research and development work in polymer science and plastics technology is a wealth of knowledge and information for anyone involved in plastics.
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Conference Proceedings
A New Grade Of High Melt Strength Polystyrene For The Xps Foam Market
Ted Harris, May 2018
XPS converters are at the limit of being able to further lightweight foodservice packaging and food packaging containers without sacrificing performance.Total has developed a new grade of high heat crystal polystyrene that allows converters to lightweight their packaging applications without sacrificing performance or processing.
Radilon Xtreme: High-Temperature Polyamides
robert zappa, May 2018
Developing high-temperature polyamides to resist prolonged heat stress, while maintaining aesthetic properties and ease of processing.
Development Of Elongational Mixing Geometries For Twin-Screw Compounding Extruders
Adam Dreiblatt, May 2018
A new generation of non-Erdmenger mixing geometries has been developed for the multi-screw Ring Extruder which is based on twelve co-rotating and intermeshing screws to produce elongational flow for improved dispersive mixing. This paper will introduce these new element designs and their implementation on twin-screw compounding extruders.
Advanced Extrusion Control
Ben Freckmann, May 2018
Advanced extrusion control. Helping deliver and efficient and secure process while maintaining high standards of production quality and ease cybersecurity worries.
New Extruder Design And Features
Bill Kramer, May 2018
Presents the new and different design elements and features of the new extruder offered by US Extruders
Shifting Marketplace Dynamics And Positioning Tpes For Future Profitability,Diversification And Growth
Robert Eller, May 2018
This paper will examine:-Key inter-TPE competitions and how they are changing-The impacts of commoditization and globalization of the TPE marketplace-Supply chain shifts affecting TPEs-Important new TPE/fabrication couples, their impact on the marketplaceand strategies for competing in new TPE sectors including sensing, smart applications, vehicle electrification
Auxetic Foam Sensor With Silver Nanowire
Changchun Zeng, May 2018
This paper describes the fabrication and application of auxetic foam sensor using silver nanowire as the sensing element.
Piezoelectric Foams With High Thermal Stability And Flexibility
Changchun Zeng, May 2018
This paper discusses the fabrication and characterization of a hybrid piezoelectric foams that exhibit high thermal stability whiling maintaining good flexibility.
In-Situ Visualization Of Crystal Nucleation And Growth Behaviors Of Polylactic-Acid (Pla) Under High Pressure Co2
sandra romero, May 2018
This study investigates the crystallization behaviors of polylactic-acid (PLA) under various CO2 pressures using a high-pressure differential scanning calorimeter and a novel custom-made sliding plate chamber. Results showed that the PLA crystallization growth rate and nucleation density for the PLA/pressurized CO2 system present a peak at the pressure of 3 MPa. Furthermore, PLA’s melting and crystallization temperatures were depressed when subjected to localized shear stress and CO2 pressures.
Kepital® H100
Jim DiVita, May 2018
Korea Engineering Plastics (KEP) expands its already robust line of technical polymers with the introduction of Kepital® H100, a new polyacetal homopolymer. Already a leading producer of polyacetal (POM) copolymers, KEP recognized the need for innovation in the homopolymer category. This is especially important since it has been nearly two decades since the industry last expanded homopolymer capacity. A global solutions provider focused on innovation, KEP is eager to serve those customers looking for best-in-class polyacetal homopolymers.
Super High Flow Valox For Connectors
Kenneth Thiel, May 2018
The high melt flow of polyesters allows the molding of small, intricate parts. PBT has grown well in past years in the electrical/electronics market. There is a trend towards thinner wall connectors to fully utilize space on printed circuit boards and as new designs have emerged for computers and telecommunication devices. While still maintaining heat and mechanical performance of the application.
Modification Of Pla For Improved Layer-To-Layer Adhesion In 3-D Printed Parts
Michael Thompson, May 2018
This study examines the influence that modifying the chemical structure of poly(lactic acid) can have on improving the mechanical properties of a 3-D printed part. A multi-functional chain extender was used to change the polyester such that its rheological response resembled an increasingly branched polymer chain. The modified polyesters were printed into two-layer rectangular specimens and subsequently analyzed for tensile properties as well as adhesive strength by 180 degree peel testing. With increasing chain extender content, the printed specimen exhibited increased toughness and tensile strength, along with greater adhesive strength. The more highly branched, the greater interlayer adhesion as polymer chains diffusion and entangle across the interface.
3D Printed Metal Tool For Efficient Injection Molding
Venkatesha N, May 2018
Additive Manufacturing (AM) is a fast emerging disruptive technology that has potential to redefine the conventional manufacturing processes and supply chain management globally in the future. The fundamental principle of this technology is to build the three dimensional objects directly from the 3D computer models in a layer-by-layer additive manufacturing process. This technology can be used to create prototypes, functional parts, tools and to produce production end user parts in plastic and metal materials.This technical paper will discuss the potential of AM technologies for polymer processing industry and the new space it provides for innovative thinking in plastic application development and the related tooling. At SABIC, metal tools have been 3D printed for cavities and cores with innovative conformal cooling designs. This has helped in improving the efficiency of injection molding process and thus reduced the cycle time. By going a step, further additive tooling was also integrated with heat & cool processing technology to achieve thin-wall molding and better quality parts. We will highlight the benefits of 3D printed tooling in achieving efficient injection molding process with an example case study.
Bonding Strength In Additively Manufactured Multi-Material Plastics Parts
Jakob Onken, May 2018
Multi material additive manufacturing allows the combination of different optical, haptic and mechanical properties in one part. There are several factors influencing the mechanical properties of multi material additively manufactured parts such as the sequence of material deposition, interface temperature, interface roughness and the joining mechanisms of two materials (form closure or material closure). The impact of these parameters on the bonding strength of multi material additively manufactured parts is studied. It is shown that a form closure in combination with a low viscosity of the applied material leads to the highest interfacial bonding. No significant influence of interface temperature and roughness on the bonding strength was observed.
Designing For Industrial 3D Printing
Thomas Davis, May 2018
Additive manufacturing (3D printing) offers tremendous freedom of design with organic geometries, complex features, and internal channels that can be easily created. In order to take full advantage of the benefits, designers must also account for different considerations than with traditional manufacturing. Resolution, surface finish, feature size and build orientation can significantly impact part cost and performance. It is important to first understand the limitations of the processes in order to design accordingly. This presentation will go into detail on the design considerations for direct metal laser sintering (DMLS), stereolithography (SL), and selective laser sintering (SLS), polyjet, and multi jet fusion (MJF) 3D printing.
High Impact Strength Polycarbonate Filament For Additive Manufacturing
Sarah Grieshaber, May 2018
Fused filament fabrication (FFF) is an additive manufacturing technology that uses thermoplastic filament extrusion to build part designs that are often not achievable through other methods such as injection molding. However, the filament material types available for use in FFF on industrial and desktop printers are limited, and mechanical properties such as impact strength can be significantly lower than properties of injection molded parts. This presentation will focus on polycarbonate-based materials used for achieving improved notched Izod impact strength up to four times higher than parts printed with existing filaments at 23 °C and up to three times higher at -30 °C, while maintaining other mechanical properties as well as the ability to function with existing polycarbonate support materials and printer settings. The improvements in impact strength allow this material to be considered for tooling, guides, and fixtures in the automotive and aerospace markets as well as end use parts that require practical toughness during use. An additional benefit for part manufacturers is the potential to reduce part failures during support removal and secondary operations.
A Closed Form Solution For Predicting Final Part Strength Of Fused Deposition Modeling
Steven Devlin, May 2018
This article reviews the development of a molecular healing model coupling squeeze flow and intermolecular diffusion to predict final part strength of thermoplastic parts created using fused filament fabrication (FFF). Additive manufacturing (AM) is an innovative group of technology processes with the potential to help companies design products that meet specific customer requirements. In this research, an experimental study and numerical modeling were developed and utilized to drive and validate a closed form heat transfer solution for FFF processes. Parts were printed from polylactic acid (PLA) at various temperatures and print speeds and tested for tensile strength. These strengths were then used to validate the model. It was found that the coupled model was in good agreement with experimental values for a wide range of extrusion temperatures and higher head speeds.
Influence Of The Layer Time On The Resulting Part Properties In The Fused Deposition Modeling Process
Frederick Knoop, May 2018
The Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) process by Stratasys is an additive manufacturing (AM) technique that can be used to produce complex thermoplastic parts without the need of a forming tool. A big challenge of this process is that there are several influencing factors with unknown effect on the resulting part properties. One of these factors is the layer time. The aim of this study is to examine the influence of the layer time on the resulting dimensional accuracy and mechanical properties of FDM components manufactured with the amorphous polymer ABS-M30. For this purpose a special job layout was designed to vary the layer time within a certain range. The investigations in this paper show a significant influence on the dimensional accuracy and also on the mechanical properties.
Assessing The Performance Of Continuously Reinforced Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene With A Thermotropic Liquid Crystalline Polymer In Fused Filament Fabrication
Mubashir Ansari, May 2018
This work is concerned with the processing of wholly thermoplastic and continuously reinforced filaments in Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF), a form of extrusion based Additive Manufacturing (AM). Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) was continuously reinforced with a Thermotropic Liquid Crystalline Polymer (TLCP), composed of terephthalic acid (TA), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (HBA), hydroquinone (HQ) and hydroquinone derivatives (HQ-derivatives), using a novel dual extrusion system. The processing conditions for FFF were determined by performing dynamic mechanical analysis on the pure TLCP. Rectangular specimens were printed using the reinforced filaments with all the roads aligned in one direction. Tensile testing was performed on the filaments as well as the printed specimens to determine improvement in the mechanical properties.
How To Approach Material Validation For Production Parts
Mike Vasquez, May 2018
As more organizations incorporate additive manufacturing systems to produce production parts, it is becoming clear that successfully moving beyond prototyping requires a more advanced and thoughtful material's strategy. To achieve the desired outcomes, organizations now need to learn how to build a methodical and scalable system for measuring and characterizing materials that are going into your processing systems. This talk will discuss best practices and standards for developing and executing a successful strategy for both metals and polymers -- from benchmarking properties, to creating appropriate operating/storage instructions, to testing and then ultimately tracking the lifecycle of materials throughout your production workflow.
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