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Detailed application data is presented for the newly developed additive formulations designed for their use in surface enhancement of TPO polymers with improved flow and scratch properties. Improvements in impact properties and talc dispersion have been achieved with newly developed additives. Excellent scratch resistance performance has been achieved in TPO when used at 1-3% loadings without negatively affecting key physical properties. Recent work conducted on flow and release property enhancers for polyolefins are discussed. It is shown that significant performance improvements in PP /TPO polymers can be obtained at low loadings of these process aids. In addition to mechanical properties, rheological data is presented. It is shown that tailor making the additive formulations can achieve optimal scratch performance required for automotive interior/exterior applications.
Chemical substances are under increasing attack from consumer groups,
legislators, and certain segments of the scientific community. These attacks
have led to decisions being based on “political toxicology.” Advocates seeking to
restrict or eliminate the use of chemicals are able to leverage public reaction to
results obtained from unconventional and esoteric studies to condemn a
substance even when data based on accepted toxicological principles and
validated protocols support a safety conclusion. Those advocating these policies
seem to believe that simply banning chemicals will achieve an alluring ideal that
all potential risk can be avoided, often without any thought to adverse
consequences of their actions. This presentation will discuss the current
regulatory and political climate that is evolving around the use of chemical
substances, particularly when these chemicals are used in contact with food or in
consumer products used by infants and children. Mr. Hill will present examples
of the increasing number of legislative and regulatory initiatives at the local, state,
federal level that are affecting the future use of chemical substances and the
increased burden on industry. Finally, the presentation will provide some insight
on how companies can position themselves in this climate of political toxicology
and proactively defend the use of safe and effective products from pseudoscience
and public misconception.
The public perception of PVC is changing throughout the world. In Europe a lot of emotional
discussion was going on in the past, with a peak at the end of the last century. This has changed
during the very previous years – PVC has gained a relatively good public perception and acceptance
in Europe again. The voluntary Vinyl 2010 initiative has been successful in establishing joined forces
within the PVC process chain to generate trust in the move for sustainability of the whole industry.
Besides tremendous work in the field of PVC recycling, the substitution of hazardous or critical
additives in heat stabilizers is one of the key topics that lead to this positive change in public
acceptance.
A significant fraction of the flexible PVC products produced in the US consists of durable
goods, products with intended service lives of three years or (sometimes much) more.
Geomembranes, roofing membranes, vinyl wallcovering and flooring, electrical wire insulation
are all examples of long-lived flexible PVC products. Obviously, flexible PVC can be
designed for the long term. But flexible PVC (like other plastics) is often accused of being a
readily disposable commodity that when discarded contributes to roadside litter or endures for
hundreds of years (or longer) in landfills. Which is it? Does formulating flexible PVC for long
service life make it less eco-friendly? In this paper the steps involved in designing flexible
PVC for long service life and the some ecological impacts of long-lived flexible PVC products
are examined.
A significant fraction of the flexible PVC products produced in the US consists of durable
goods, products with intended service lives of three years or (sometimes much) more.
Geomembranes, roofing membranes, vinyl wallcovering and flooring, electrical wire insulation
are all examples of long-lived flexible PVC products. Obviously, flexible PVC can be
designed for the long term. But flexible PVC (like other plastics) is often accused of being a
readily disposable commodity that when discarded contributes to roadside litter or endures for
hundreds of years (or longer) in landfills. Which is it? Does formulating flexible PVC for long
service life make it less eco-friendly? In this paper the steps involved in designing flexible
PVC for long service life and the some ecological impacts of long-lived flexible PVC products
are examined.
Alkyl Pyrrolidones (specifically N-[C-8 to C-18]-2-Pyrrolidones) are strong solvating, general purpose PVC plasticizers, which are about 30-50% more efficient then the standard plasticizers, reduce processing temperatures dramatically and impart flexibility at extremely low temperatures.
They can be used as primary plasticizers, in plasticizer blends as well as at additive levels by all typical processing methods; extrusion, calendaring, injection molding, plastisol. They improve the compatibility of other components of the flexible PVC like fillers, extenders and other plasticizers like ESO, Polymerics, DINCH etc.
The described benefits and properties are carried proportionally to the blended systems, so that all formulation issues can be addressed by using Alkyl Pyrrolidones from as low as 1phr in plasticizer blends (decreasing processing temperatures and increasing gelling speed) ) to >80phr (for extremely flexible highly filled PVC with gum-like elasticity). Alkyl Pyrrolidones also provide new solutions for semi-rigid applications (e.g. at 6-12 phr) since they exhibit no anti-plasticizing behavior.
They are particularly useful in plastisol applications, where working with phthalate or phthalate-free plasticizer systems can cause various technical issues. By using Alkyl Pyrrolidones many of these problems can be overcome, since they increase gelling speed and transparency, reduce gelling temperatures and haze, improve de-aeration, enhance foam uniformity.
What advice can we give to the novice, vinyl technologist pursuing a career involving
formulating and processing vinyl plastic? All seasoned vinyl veterans have faced the
challenge of trying to explain why something unexpected came out of the processing
equipment. Is there some advice to help explain this? For me, there is one concept that
helps explain many of those occurrences. It can be summed up as follows:
Vinyl polymer and its additives are chemicals. Vinyl processing
equipment are reactors. When we process vinyl compounds, we produce
chemical reactions. Anticipate and understand these reactions.
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Any article that is cited in another manuscript or other work is required to use the correct reference style. Below is an example of the reference style for SPE articles:
Brown, H. L. and Jones, D. H. 2016, May.
"Insert title of paper here in quotes,"
ANTEC 2016 - Indianapolis, Indiana, USA May 23-25, 2016. [On-line].
Society of Plastics Engineers
Available: www.4spe.org.
Note: if there are more than three authors you may use the first author's name and et al. EG Brown, H. L. et al.
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