The SPE Library contains thousands of papers, presentations, journal briefs and recorded webinars from the best minds in the Plastics Industry. Spanning almost two decades, this collection of published research and development work in polymer science and plastics technology is a wealth of knowledge and information for anyone involved in plastics.
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Compression tests were carried out on Glass Mat Reinforced Thermoplastics (GMT) panels applying three ratios for thickness over width. Some panels showed a typical ductile splaying collapse mode with gross plasticity. The specific energy absorption of these panels was very high, and even higher than was found in literature for crush cones of this material. Aim is to formulate design rules for products that are composed of flat plane elements and are loaded on impact.
B.G. Millar, P. Douglas, W.R. Murphy, G.M. McNally, May 2005
The effect of cooling rates (2-300degC/min) on the crystallinity, morphology and tensile properties of a selection of polyethylene and polypropylene resins was investigated using conventional and high speed DSC. Increasing cooling rate caused a decrease in percentage crystallinity. Mechanical analysis and polarised light microscopy showed related reductions in tensile modulus and strength and crystallite configuration.
Susan I. Hill, Margaret F. Pinnell, Adam J. Minch, May 2005
The results of an interlaboratory test program conducted to assess the precision of the Practice Guide for High Strain Rate Testing of Polymers are summarized. Five polymers, HDPE, 30% short glass fiber-filled PA, PC/ABS, 40% long glass fiber-filled PP, and TPO, were tested at nominal plastic strain rates of 40/s and 400/s. The test results were used to generate inter and intralaboratory variability statistics that were incorporated into a precision statement for the Practice Guide.
A.S. Ditta, A.J. Wilkinson, G.M. McNally, W.R. Murphy, May 2005
Decorative woodgrain foils are important in the aesthetic appearance of UPVC profiles in the conservatory industry. Dark colours tend to absorb solar energy which causes distortion when reaching a critical temperature. This research has investigated three different foils subjected to simulated solar energy when placed on UPVC profiles using a specially designed test rig. This equipment failed to give results correlating to outdoor experience, therefore the test will be needed to be modified to be useful.
The effects of chain extension and branching on the properties of nanocomposites produced from recycled poly (ethylene-terephthalate) and organically modified clay were investigated. As the chain extension/branching agent, maleic anhydride (MA) and pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) were used. Both MA and PMDA improved the mechanical properties of the nanocomposite owing to the branching and chain extending effects that increase the molecular weight. However, PMDA gave better results at lower content.
In this study a range of polyurethanes were extruded in sheet form and cooled at various chill roll temperatures. Crystallinity of the samples was determined using DSC and the results showed significant changes in morphology of the hard and soft segment phases, which in turn had a significant effect on the mechanical properties and phase transitional properties of the individual resins.
This work studied the effect of three radiopaque fillers (barium sulphate, bismuth trioxide and tungsten metal) on the rheological, mechanical and thermal properties of a range of medical grade polyurethanes and polyvinylchlorides. The results showed significant changes in the melt viscosity, mechanical properties and phase transitions (Tg and log E’) with different filler type.
This work studied the effect of polyurethane chemical structure (i.e. polyester or polyether soft segments) on the rheological, mechanical and thermal properties of four commercial medical grade polyurethanes of similar Shore hardness. The results showed significant differences in melt viscosity, tensile properties and phase transition temperatures (tan ?) with particular polyurethane chemical structure.
Mihaela Hotea Mihai, Michel A. Huneault, Basil D. Favis, May 2005
This work aims at the development of foams from Polystyrene (PS)/Thermoplastic Starch (TPS) blends. The gelatinization and plasticization of the starch granules, the TPS/PS melt blending and the HFC134a blowing agent dissolution was carried out in a twin-screw extrusion process. The viscosity of the blends, with and without the blowing agent, was measured on-line. The obtained foam morphology, density and open-cell fraction are discussed.
W.C. Yap, M. Prichard, G.M. McNally, W.R. Murphy, May 2005
10-50% of CPVC was mixed with UPVC formulations used in extruded profiles for conservatory roofing applications. The shear viscosity, mechanical properties and dynamic mechanical thermal properties of various formulations were shown to be dependent to the CPVC concentration. A blend 40% of CPVC and 60% UPVC exhibited a great increase in mechanical properties.
Structural high density polyethylene foam is commonly used in many household applications. Is has been accepted by the industry that foaming creates internal space in an injection molded article and therefore allows the part to absorb impacts without initiating cracks. This paper seeks to determine the relationship between the density of a structurally foam molded article and the impact strength.
M. Billham, B.G. Millar, G.M. McNally, W.R. Murphy, May 2005
The water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of polymer films is critical in flexible food packaging applications. The WVTR of a series of polyolefin and co-extruded polyethylene/polyamide films were shown to be affected by density, orientation and crystallinity, as well as the cooling process from cast and blown extruded films.
Gang Li, Pierre Sarazin, Zhenhua Yuan, Basil D. Favis, May 2005
Polycaprolactone (PCL)/thermoplastic starch (TPS) biodegradable blends were prepared via a one-step extrusion system over the entire range of composition at different viscosity ratios. A detailed morphology analysis of the PCL/TPS blends was investigated by electron microscopy after selective extraction. Through a judicious combination of concentration control and processing conditions, the volume average diameter of TPS droplets can be closely controlled from 0.5 to 16?m. The rheological behavior of these blends is also examined in depth.
C. Laffin, G.M. McNally, P.D. Forristal, P. O’Kiely, C.M. Small, May 2005
This work investigates the effect of uni-axial stretching on the gas permeation properties of LLDPE/LDPE films. The results show improved gas barrier properties with increasing uni-axial stretch as a result of increasing film crystallinity and molecular orientation.
J. Godinho, I. Moore, L. Donnelly, C.Y. Lew, P. Douglas, D. Jones, G.M. McNally, W.R. Murphy, May 2005
The incorporation of an antibacterial agent within the polymeric matrix can prevent bacterial colonisation on the surface of implanted medical devices. In this study, nalidixic acid was melt blended with polycaprolactone at different concentrations. Its effect on the processability, crystallisation, mechanical properties and drug release were investigated.
Paul J. Jones, Nick Malkovich, David B. Thomas, Sarah E. Morgan, May 2005
The dielectric constants of two compositions of a new class of rigid rod polymers (Parmax® Self Reinforced Polymers (SRPs)) were measured and demonstrate potential for use in multiple electronic applications. Dielectric measurements were made over a range of frequencies using a Hewlett Packard 4192A LF Impedance Analyzer. At 1MHz the two samples displayed very low dielectric constants of 2.31 and 1.96.
Kuo-Zoo Liang, Chin-Chang Yeh, Chein-Chung Chen, May 2005
In this paper, the Water Assisted Injection Molding (WAIM) technology is applied to the design of a new mold. Two kinds of the ABS materials are utilized to undertake tests for the above new designed mold. Good results for the great decrease in the deformation as well as Warpage of the ABS products can be obtained. Finally, the Taguchi Method and Grey Theory are applied to finding the optimal parameters of injection molding process.
Lawrence J. Effler, Kim L. Walton, Michael K. Laughner, May 2005
Poly(?-olefin) elastomers (POEs) are used to modify the performance of polypropylene (PP). All the POE modifiers were found to enhance both the room and subambient temperature impact performance. However, POEs containing high levels of long chain branching improved the melt elasticity of the PP. Thus, giving an increase the melt strength of the PP making it more suitable for applications such as thermoforming and blow molding.
M. Esther Treviño, Yolanda del Angel, Raúl G. López, Luis F. Ramos, May 2005
Copolymerization of buyl acrylate with dimethyl meta-isopropenyl benzyl isocyanate (TMI) was carried out at 40°C in microemulsions stabilized with a mixture of sodium dodecyl sulfate / sodium bis (2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (3/1 w/w). The mixture of monomers was dosed during the polymerization. An inverse dependence of particle diameter (DP) on dosing rate of monomers and TMI concentration was found. Polymer content close to 25 wt. % and DP between 30 and 40 nm were obtained.
Exfoliated organophilic clays dispersed in a polymeric matrix such as polyolefin, epoxy or polyamide form nanocomposites that exhibit improved mechanical, thermal, flame resistance and barrier properties. The effect of the organoclay’s chemical structure, its polarity and surface chemistry and how it is dispersed in the polymeric matrix determine the properties of the nanocomposite. Various characterization techniques are discussed as well as the effect of processing parameters on the properties of the nanocomposite.
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Any article that is cited in another manuscript or other work is required to use the correct reference style. Below is an example of the reference style for SPE articles:
Brown, H. L. and Jones, D. H. 2016, May.
"Insert title of paper here in quotes,"
ANTEC 2016 - Indianapolis, Indiana, USA May 23-25, 2016. [On-line].
Society of Plastics Engineers
Available: www.4spe.org.
Note: if there are more than three authors you may use the first author's name and et al. EG Brown, H. L. et al.
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