The SPE Library contains thousands of papers, presentations, journal briefs and recorded webinars from the best minds in the Plastics Industry. Spanning almost two decades, this collection of published research and development work in polymer science and plastics technology is a wealth of knowledge and information for anyone involved in plastics.
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An experiment was conducted to measure the energy
consumed during extruder runs with two different
polymers (one crystalline and one amorphous), each
utilizing three different screw designs. Energy
contributions from the individual heating zones on the
extruder were measured and analyzed. Also, the energy
consumed by the motor was measured to provide
comparison of the contributions from the heaters and the
motor. Results show value both in analyzing material
behavior and in evaluating screw performance from an
economic and a productivity standpoint.
Kevin Menard , Andrew Salamon , Witold Brostow , Noah Menard , W. Chonkaew , Carmem Pffiefer , Sherman Newman, May 2010
The application of DSC and DMA to photo-initiated
reactions specifically curing and degradations are
discussed. The influence of the light source its duration
and intensity are investigated in regards to the final
properties of the material. The use of Hyper DSC
techniques as well as simultaneous DMA-NIR in the study
of optically cured materials is discussed.
Kevin Menard , Andrew Salamon , Witold Brostow , Noah Menard , W. Chonkaew , Carmem Pffiefer , Sherman Newman, May 2010
The application of DSC and DMA to photo-initiated reactions, specifically curing and degradations, are discussed. The influence of the light source, its duration and intensity are investigated in regards to the final properties of the material. The use of Hyper DSC techniques as well as simultaneous DMA-NIR in the study of optically cured materials is discussed.
Sandeep Manandhar , Nandika D’Souza , Philippe Zimmern, May 2010
The importance of electrospun fibers as tissue
scaffolds has been an area of significant growth. In this
work, we will utilize electrospinning in conjunction with a
biodegradable polymer, Polycaprolactone (PCL) to make
thin fibers. These PCL fibers can be made into a mesh for
tissue scaffolds. Electrospinning utilizes electrostatic
force to draw fibers from solution.
Ken Miyata, Yuuki Ichikawa, Keiji Katsuno, Akihiro Nishioka, Tomonori Koda, Go Murasawa, May 2010
Tyco Electronics has over fifty years of experience in the field of radiation crosslinked polymers. We have incorporated the use of rheological and solvent swelling techniques to characterize crosslinked networks. Insufficient beam dose or processing errors can result in materials that appear crosslinked upon initial testing, but are not fully crosslinked. We evaluated various characterization methods on three different morphologies of polyethylene (HDPE, LDPE and VLDPE). Each method had its own strengths and limitations.
The present study was devoted to the effect of
nanoparticle on melt strength of blends. And the
reinforcing mechanism of PP/PA6/organoclay
nanocomposites had been investigated by DSC and SEM
analysis. The results showed that the maximal melt
strength existed and appeared as the weight ratio of
organoclay was 2 wt%. In addition blends presented the
best integrated properties at this ratio.
The present study was devoted to the effect of nanoparticle on melt strength of blends. And the reinforcing mechanism of PP/PA6/organoclay nanocomposites had been investigated by DSC and SEM analysis. The results showed that the maximal melt strength existed and appeared as the weight ratio of organoclay was 2 wt%. In addition, blends presented the best integrated properties at this ratio.
Kun Chang Lin , Chia-Hsun Chen , Chen-Feng Kuan , Hsu-Chiang Kuan , Sin-Jhih Peng, May 2010
Underwater pelletizing currently is the most promising, most innovative and, concerning the range of plastics materials to be processed, the most flexible technique for the production of high-quality plastics pellets.In this work, we established the experimental analysis of the underwater pelletizing system for producing pellets. The key process conditions for producing small pellets (<1.5mm) are low extrusion throughput, high cutter rotating speed, and low possibility of die freeze-off.
Nan Chen, Mohammad Monirul Hasan, Takashi Kuboki, Chul B. Park, May 2010
Polyamide 6 (PA6)/Clay 30B nanocomposites of various concentrations were prepared at different amplitudes using an ultrasonic extruder. The die pressure and ultrasonic power consumption were measured. X-ray patterns, thermal, mechanical and rheological properties of extruded nanocomposites were obtained. Films were manufactured from prepared nanocomposites by film blowing process and their structural and mechanical properties in the machine and transverse directions were studied.
Sarah Chung , Tieqi Li , Ken Oliphant , Patrick Vibien, May 2010
There have been several studies on the impact of chlorine on plastic piping systems in potable water applications and methodologies of ensuring performance have been successfully developed. The impact of chlorine dioxide is less well known. In this paper laboratory exposed plastic pipe samples are examined to study the impact of chlorine dioxide on oxidative degradation in potable water applications. The mechanisms of oxidation are characterized and recommendations for long-term performance validation are presented.
H. C. Chen, S. C. Chen, P.M. Hsu, H. S. Peng, Y. C. Wang, May 2010
LLDPE/Clay 20A nanocomposites of various concentrations were prepared at different amplitudes using an ultrasonic extruder. The die pressure and ultrasonic power consumption were measured. X-ray patterns, thermal, mechanical and rheological properties of extruded nanocomposites were measured. Films were manufactured from prepared nanocomposites by film blowing process and their structural and mechanical properties in the machine and transverse directions were studied.
In this research proteins were micropatterned on poly (lactic acid) (PLA) films. Poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) was micropatterned using photolithograph. These micropatterns were characterized using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and toluidine blue dye staining. Acid groups were subsequently conjugated with amine terminated biotin using carbodiimide chemistry. Biotin micropatterned PLA films were then immersed in a solution of fluorescenceconjugated streptavidin. The streptavidin adsorption behavior was examined by fluorescence microscopy.
H. Inoya, Y. W. Leong, S. Thumsorn, S. Thitithanasarn, H. Hamada, May 2010
Viscoelastic secondary flows occurring in square ducts are simulated using the open source finite volume-based software, OpenFOAM. To validate a viscoelastic solver, experimental observations by other researchers were successfully reproduced, as well as compared to finite element results and recent results of a meshless technique known as the Radial Function Method (RFM). A single mode Giesekus and a multi-mode Phan-Thien Tanner (PTT) model are implemented to reproduce full three-dimensional (3D) flow through a square duct.
Dana Hnidáková , Roman Cermák , Jana Výchopnová, May 2010
The paper focuses on the role of ethylene-propylenediene rubber compatibilizer in the formation of polypropylene microfibrils in polyethylene matrix during extrusion through semihyperbolic die. Several blends varying in phase composition was processed. The structure and properties were examined by scanning electron microscopy DSC and tensile testing. Significant changes in morphology and properties were observed.
Shia-Chung Chen, Pham Son Minh, I-Sheng Hsieh, Yan-Chen Chiou, May 2010
Polystyrene (PS) foams have a number of desirable properties and thereby have been used for many applications. However, one of the most notable drawbacks of PS foams is its non-biodegradability. In recent years, polylactide (PLA) has been viewed as an environmentally sustainable substitute of PS. In this context, this paper aims to provide head-to-head comparisons between PLA and PS foaming processes, in terms of the cell formation mechanisms and foamability of the resultant foams.
In this paper the effects of ionizing radiation on poly(lactic acid) PLA will be investigated. The PLA used in this experiment is a NatureWorks LLC extrusion and thermoforming polylactide resin product code 2002D. Its rheological properties will be investigated. This team worked in conjunction with Mr. Song Cheng and Scott Goetz of Sterigenics and Professor John Bartolomucci of the Pennsylvania College of Technology. The material was irradiated using electron beam radiation. The material was then tested to obtain rheological properties at various dosage levels.
Han-Xiong Huang, Jian-Kang Wang, Hong-Fei Xu, May 2010
In this work, symmetric and asymmetric structural polyethylene foams were produced via compression molding using a chemical blowing agent and wood fibres as reinforcement. By modifying the temperature field in a compression molding process, it is possible to adjust the density across the partƒ??s thickness. Here, the results are discussed in terms of density profile and mechanical properties.
José M. Hernández , Ma’moun Abu-Ayyad , Rickey Dubay, May 2010
Many investigations have emphasized the importance of cavity pressure in determining final part quality in an injection molding machine. During the injection cycle the main factor affecting cavity pressure is the screw hydraulic pressure valve Y3. Cavity pressure has some nonlinear characteristics thus an advanced control strategy is developed. Experiments quantified the relationship between the nozzle pressure and the Y3 valve in order to design a predictive controller. The controller was implemented with good closed loop results.
Lenka Chvátalová, Jana Výchopnová, Roman Cermá, Martin Obadal, May 2010
The fountain flow effect affects the orientation of the macromolecules and the mechanical and optical properties of injection molded parts. The fountain flow effect is modeled using the Radial Functions Method (RFM). In this paper, the flow in a planar slit and a steady state is considered. Good agreement between the obtained results (velocity field, pressure field and front shape) and the existing data in the literature was attained.
An investigation into the effect of injection pressure screw position barrel temperatures and other variables on cavity pressure data is presented. This approach consists of monitoring key process data features and using a Projections to Latent Structures (PLS) multivariate modeling technique to correlate injection molding process variables to cavity pressure data.
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Any article that is cited in another manuscript or other work is required to use the correct reference style. Below is an example of the reference style for SPE articles:
Brown, H. L. and Jones, D. H. 2016, May.
"Insert title of paper here in quotes,"
ANTEC 2016 - Indianapolis, Indiana, USA May 23-25, 2016. [On-line].
Society of Plastics Engineers
Available: www.4spe.org.
Note: if there are more than three authors you may use the first author's name and et al. EG Brown, H. L. et al.
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