The SPE Library contains thousands of papers, presentations, journal briefs and recorded webinars from the best minds in the Plastics Industry. Spanning almost two decades, this collection of published research and development work in polymer science and plastics technology is a wealth of knowledge and information for anyone involved in plastics.
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Nilesh Savargaonkar, Rajen Patel, Teresa Karjala, Philip Salibi, Lizhi Liu, May 2014
Blends of LLDPE and LDPE are used in many film applications. This study was undertaken to understand the behavior of LLDPE/LDPE blends over the entire composition range in terms of Elmendorf tear, dart impact, and puncture strengths in order to understand the relationships between these film properties, orientation effects, and intrinsic properties of the blends.
A new technology has been developed to enable polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) to start the recrystallization at a higher temperature with a fast speed. New PPS compounds with this new technology have demonstrated at production scale trials to have several benefits, including shorter cycle time, improved de-molding of parts, and improved flatness and dimensional precision. Laboratory data regarding the recrystallization behavior and production trial results will also be discussed.
Sarah Grieshaber, Lenar Abbasov, Andrew Sics, Scott Davis, Tianhua Ding, May 2014
Polyester blends were evaluated as a replacement for nylon in automotive metal tube coating applications by investigation of long-term chemical resistance and adhesion to metal. Resistance to many common automotive fluids and fuels was observed for up to 5000h of exposure at 60 °C. Adhesion to metal was achieved without the use of a primer, which is an advantage over nylon materials and has potential to facilitate the production process by eliminating the use of primers.
Graeme M. Fukuda, Daniel Chavez, David I. Bigio, Paul Andersen, Mark D. Wetzel, May 2014
Polymer composites involve the compounding of a base polymer and a solid additive. To maximize the impact of the additive on the polymer matrix, it is critical to have good mixing. However, before the product is processed at an industrial level the materials are often studied at a laboratory scale to save resources. The importance of a consistent product between the two extruders dictates the need for a scale-up rule sensitive to dispersive mixing.
Jason R. Nixon, Benjamin Dryer, Derrick Chiu, Inna Lempert, David I. Bigio, May 2014
The ability to track fiber orientation of a filled polymer matrix in the fused deposition modeling process is critical to the development of variable material properties in 3D printed parts. Using the Moldflow injection molding analysis package, a study has been done on the effects of injection rate, filler volume fraction, and nozzle geometry on final fiber orientation in the extruded strand produced by the fused deposition modeling process.
The heat produced by heaters in hot runner systems keeps the resin in melt conveying channels of injection molds molten. The molten resin is then injected into the cavity of the injection mold. Some of the heat produced will be lost to the surroundings. This paper will show how new methods and materials can reduce the amount of energy lost from hot runner systems and result in additional cost savings.
The effect of surface modification on NCC polarity was first studied based on ambient surface energy measurements. NCC film was used as a model system to check feasibility of alkyenyl succinic anhydride (ASA) for this purpose. Both polarity and total surface energy of NCC decreased after surface modification. NCC porous structure consisting of nanofibers was exposed to ASA gas for different exposure times (1 h and 3 h). The reaction between NCC and ASA was confirmed by solid state 13CNMR and ATR-FTIR.
Won-Gil Ryim, Byung-Gi Pyo, Hyung-pil Park, May 2014
In designing mold for bigger part it is important to determine number of gates. Excessive gates make loss of resin in gates and runners. Mold with many gates does not guarantee better mold filling condition. Automatic optimization system for number of gates is developed with objective function which represents the efficiency of gate. This paper discusses about the factors which are considered in development of optimization system and some application cases are followed.
This paper will observe how advancements in M2M interaction, coupled with advancements in data storage and analysis (Big Data), are changing the way that businesses make decisions. We will examine how M2M and Big Data advancements can be applied to plastic injection molds to optimize output and to increase the mold’s reliability.
Ground Calcium Carbonate (GCC) is composed of a relatively soft mineral known as calcite with a Mohs hardness of 3. However, all ground calcium carbonate contains small amounts of harder minerals such as dolomitic limestone (dolomite) and/or silica. These materials may or may not increase the abrasiveness of the ground calcium carbonate at any given particle size dependent on the concentration, morphology and particle size of the impurity.
Most plastic materials are insulators having very low thermal and electrical conductivity. Many different types of fillers are added to provide increased thermal conductivity but they can have deleterious effects on physical properties or cause increased electrical conductivity which may not be desired. New grades of hexagonal boron nitride are introduced that can provide increased thermal conductivity with improved physical properties. Thermal conductivity is improved without significantly changing the electrical conductivity.
Cemented tungsten carbide has revolutionized productivity in many applications throughout many industries and when used as a material for core pins has proven to reduce cycle time, increase core pin rigidity and extend core pin life in the plastic injection molding industry resulting in significant cost savings. To achieve profitability in the increasingly competitive global marketplace plastic injection molding companies must operate with maximum efficiencies and minimal unplanned downtime.
Furong Gao, Zhixing Cao, Jingyi Lu, Yi Yang, May 2014
This paper discusses control problem on batch processes, especially takes injection molding as an example. In the first part of the paper, the achievements about controlling single injection molding are reviewed. Motivations, advantages and challenges on controlling multiple batch processes together are addressed in the second part. Some detailed discussions from different perspectives of multiple batch processes control are illustrated as well to shed some light on future research.
Silicone thermoset elastomers are increasingly being used in over-molding or co-molding applications with thermoplastic polymers. Understanding the fundamental properties of silicone formulation components and the material property changes that occur during crosslinking is essential to successful molding and use. Rheological and dynamic mechanical characterization are outstanding tools for building an understanding of silicone thermal and elastic properties, as well as the cure reaction chemistry that takes place during silicone molding processes.
Stephen M. Andrews, Markus Grob, Wiebke Wunderlich, May 2014
This paper will review the development and attributes of next generation UV-light blocker technologies for engineering plastic glazing, sheet, and film used in the building & construction industry. Performance data in various polymer families will be reviewed to demonstrate the value of these products in enabling polymer materials to achieve the longevity required for durable weatherable applications.
Sudhir B. Railkar, Walter Zarate, Peter Campbell, Charles Lake, Jeffrey Avitabile, Leslie Peels, May 2014
Injection molded accessory products are widely used in residential and commercial roofing systems. These products generally require complex polymeric formulations to meet roofing functionality. With the growth of polymeric accessory products, significant post-consumer recycled streams are available. The goal of this paper is to discuss performance of several post-consumer recycled PP streams in injection molded PP formulations while maintaining performance attributes.
New modified (Polyether Block Amides) offer tubing manufacturers a means of producing multi-layer fluoropolymer catheters via a co-extrusion method instead of the traditional manner of hand building a catheter. The ability to manufacture catheters without the need of etching or an adhesive layer provides for ease in manufacturing, reduction in costs, and improved adhesion between the different layers. In providing a modified PEBA which adheres directly to EFEP increases the catheter manufacturers the opportunity to produce safe, durable products.
For scrubbers, ducts, pipes and other FRP (Fiberglas Reinforced Plastics) products the cost of resin accounts for over half of the manufacturing expense. The selection process of searching for the best available resin for FRP product is made more reliable and easier with the diagram: the optical density coefficient (the Hammett acidity function) in the acidity environments - the top allowable temperature of the resin.
Tatianny S. Alves, João E. Silva, Laura H. Carvalho, Eduardo L. Canedo, May 2014
An engineering model for processing of stable molten resins in a laboratory internal mixer (torque rheometer) was developed. The model allows the prediction and correlation of torque and temperature in the steady-state processing stage, based on mixing chamber geometry, material properties, and operating conditions. Transient behavior was also analyzed, in order to predict the time to reach the steady-state. Experimental data to validate the model and to estimate the polymer-side heat transfer coefficient are presented.
Kim McLoughlin Senior Research Engineer, Global Materials Science Braskem
A Resin Supplier’s Perspective on Partnerships for the Circular Economy
About the Speaker
Kim drives technology programs at Braskem to develop advanced polyolefins with improved recyclability and sustainability. As Principal Investigator on a REMADE-funded collaboration, Kim leads a diverse industry-academic team that is developing a process to recycle elastomers as secondary feedstock. Kim has a PhD in Chemical Engineering from Cornell. She is an inventor on more than 25 patents and applications for novel polyolefin technologies. Kim is on the Board of Directors of SPE’s Thermoplastic Materials & Foams Division, where she has served as Education Chair and Councilor.
A Resin Supplier’s Perspective on Partnerships for the Circular Economy
About the Speaker
Gamini has a BS and PhD from Purdue University in Materials Engineering and Sustainability. He joined Penn State as a Post Doctorate Scholar in 2020 prior to his professorship appointment. He works closely with PA plastics manufacturers to implement sustainability programs in their plants.
A Resin Supplier’s Perspective on Partnerships for the Circular Economy
About the Speaker
Tom Giovannetti holds a Degree in Mechanical Engineering from The University of Tulsa and for the last 26 years has worked for Chevron Phillips Chemical Company. Tom started his plastics career by designing various injection molded products for the chemical industry including explosion proof plugs and receptacles, panel boards and detonation arrestors for 24 inch pipelines. Tom also holds a patent for design of a polyphenylene sulfide sleeve in a nylon coolant cross-over of an air intake manifold and is a Certified Plastic Technologist through the Society of Plastic Engineers. Tom serves on the Oklahoma Section Board as Councilor, is also the past president of the local Oklahoma SPE Section, and as well serves on the SPE Injection Molding Division board.
Joseph Lawrence, Ph.D. Senior Director and Research Professor University of Toledo
A Resin Supplier’s Perspective on Partnerships for the Circular Economy
About the Speaker
Dr. Joseph Lawrence is a Research Professor and Senior Director of the Polymer Institute and the Center for Materials and Sensor Characterization at the University of Toledo. He is a Chemical Engineer by training and after working in the process industry, he has been engaged in polymers and composites research for 18+ years. In the Polymer Institute he leads research on renewably sourced polymers, plastics recycling, and additive manufacturing. He is also the lead investigator of the Polyesters and Barrier Materials Research Consortium funded by industry. Dr. Lawrence has advised 20 graduate students, mentored 8 staff scientists and several undergraduate students. He is a peer reviewer in several journals, has authored 30+ peer-reviewed publications and serves on the board of the Injection Molding Division of SPE.
Matt Hammernik Northeast Account Manager Hasco America
A Resin Supplier’s Perspective on Partnerships for the Circular Economy
About the Speaker
Matt Hammernik serves as Hasco America’s Northeast Area Account Manager covering the states Michigan, Ohio, Indiana, and Kentucky. He started with Hasco America at the beginning of March 2022. Matt started in the Injection Mold Industry roughly 10 years ago as an estimator quoting injection mold base steel, components and machining. He advanced into outside sales and has been serving molders, mold builders and mold makers for about 7 years.
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Any article that is cited in another manuscript or other work is required to use the correct reference style. Below is an example of the reference style for SPE articles:
Brown, H. L. and Jones, D. H. 2016, May.
"Insert title of paper here in quotes,"
ANTEC 2016 - Indianapolis, Indiana, USA May 23-25, 2016. [On-line].
Society of Plastics Engineers, ISBN: 123-0-1234567-8-9, pp. 000-000.
Available: www.4spe.org.
Note: if there are more than three authors you may use the first author's name and et al. EG Brown, H. L. et al.
