The SPE Library contains thousands of papers, presentations, journal briefs and recorded webinars from the best minds in the Plastics Industry. Spanning almost two decades, this collection of published research and development work in polymer science and plastics technology is a wealth of knowledge and information for anyone involved in plastics.
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Sang Min Kim, Tae Yong Hwang, Jae Wook Lee, May 2012
The electrical, rheological properties and phase behavior of multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWNT) filled with Polypropylene(PP)/Polystyrene(PS) blends were investigated. Based on the matrix polymer, two kinds of masterbatch chips were used to prepare ternary blends, and the influence of the kinds of masterbatch were confirmed on the phase morphology of ternary blends and the distribution of MWNT in ternary blends.
Thomas S. Williams, Hang Yu, Robert F. Hicks, May 2012
Atmospheric pressure plasma treatment is a key process for surface preparation prior to adhesive bonding of plastics and composites. We observe >50% increase in bond strength and durability by using atmospheric plasma instead of traditional abrasion techniques. Surface analysis by XPS, IR and AFM indicates that the improved adhesion is due to carboxylic acid groups on polymer surface. The implications of this work for polymer adhesion will be discussed at the meeting.
Masaki Ueda, Makoto Iwamura, Hideki Tomiyama, May 2012
A new flow channel design of die for polymer processing was devised. The design is based on the combination of two conventional die designs to take advantages of both types. The performance of the die with the new flow channel design was evaluated with a flow simulation. It was expected that the new die could obtain more uniform flow rate at the die exit than conventional dies without losing other performances such as residence time.
The rheological properties are studied for binary blends composed of a long-chain branched polyethylene and a linear polyethylene. It is found that the blends containing a linear polyethylene with high shear viscosity exhibit enhanced elasticity in the molten state, which is attributed to the prolonged relaxation time for entanglement couplings between a linear polymer and a branched polymer.
In this work, die drool phenomenon, for two linear HDPE polymers having identical polydisperzity index (Mw/Mw) but different Mz and Mz+1 molecular weight averages, has been investigated experimentally. It has been revealed that increase in linear HDPE chain length promotes the die drool phenomenon and vice versa.
Previously published data is interpreted by assuming that the impact energy absorbing mechanism in rigid PVC is delamination or separation of the primary particles. This means that PVC can not have optimum impact properties along with optimum other mechanical properties such as creep resistance, yield strength, etc that are fully developed with complete gelation. This finding could have particular significance in PVC pressure pipe.
Chunmeng Lu, Huiji Liu, Yong Lu, Linjie Zhu, Ming-Wan Young, Costas G. Gogos, May 2012
A fluidized bed coater equipped with Light Emitting Diodes (LED) UV lamps was demonstrated for solventless polymeric coating of KCl particle. SEM images show that the polymeric coating is very uniform. TGA and ash test results confirm that most of injected chemicals were coated on KCl particles. IR analysis showed that the conversion of the polymerization could be up to 60% and 100% in air and nitrogen, respectively.
US domestic businesses have been struggling since the onset of the Great Recession – four years now – with weak demand and limited available financing still prevalent. Business managers need to adapt to this “new normal,” or their companies may not be able to endure until sustained growth is finally here again. One answer is to seek customers where demand is still growing – overseas. Less developed countries can offer business opportunities that are currently lacking in the US and the EU.
Valeriy G. Makarov, Rakhil M. Sinelnikova, May 2012
Distinctions in heat conductivity and durability of the functional layers of GRP pipes can lead to the fracturing of a superficial layer at a heatstroke.
Graciela Terife, Niloufar Faridi, Costas G. Gogos, May 2012
The influence of foam morphology on the release rate of Indomethacin (INM) from a solid solution prepared by hot melt extrusion was investigated. Closed cell foams were produced through a batch process, employing CO2 as physical blowing agent. In all cases foamed disks showed faster INM’s release than un-foamed disks. The time required for completing INM’s release was reduced up to 75% mainly due to extensive and random breakage of the sample during dissolution test.
Excessive static causes dust attraction and sheet sticking. Sparks can injure operators, damage electronic devices and ignite fires. While installing a static dissipater just before winding prevents sparks in the winding roll, it is ineffective in preventing static problems when the roll is unwound in subsequent operations. A more effective strategy is to identify the sources of the charging and to install static dissipaters to neutralize static on the charged web surface.
Ines Kühnert, Torsten Maenz, Jacob Rösner, Konrad Schneider, May 2012
On a basic concept of a reactive layer between metal and polymer, in this study a physico-chemical bonded polymer-metal combination was injection molded and amongst others characterized by peel test. The multilayer system contains an intermediate flexible TPU-layer that compensates thermal induced internal stresses. The scope of the paper is the injection molding process for a three and four layer part and first results of the characterization of the bond strength between the different components.
Zhan H. Yang, Andrew T. Detwiler, Alan J. Lesser, May 2012
Prestressed Double Network epoxy, a new type of sequential Interpenetrating Polymer Network, was developed by reacting an epoxide monomer with various molar ratios of two curatives. Postcure was conducted while the partially cured resins were at 50% compressive strain. The application of pre- stress did not change the glass transition temperature, or coefficient of thermal expansion. However, a marked increase in fracture toughness is observed, accompanied by strong birefringence and visible roughness on the fracture surface.
Beta nucleation can be used to improve the thermoforming characteristics of polypropylene. The benefits of beta nucleation include a broader processing window, better material distribution, improved rigidity and crush strength, and higher productivity. In this paper we will show how the properties of the thermoformed part depend on the processing conditions used, and how new, high activity beta nucleating agents can lead to lighter weight, lower cost products with unique visual characteristics.
Christian Hopmann, Walter Michaeli, Sebastian Becker, May 2012
The gas assisted and water assisted injection molding technique are well-established processes for the production of parts with (functional) hollow space. The quality of these parts highly depends on the internal part properties such as the residual wall thickness. Hence this paper deals with the online use of ultrasonic measurements to visualize the hollow space formation and to determine the residual wall thickness of the molded parts.
Kun Chang Lin, Chia-Hsun Chen, Hsin-Chih Peng, Chen-Feng Kuan, Hsu-Chiang Kuan, May 2012
This paper investigates the foaming behavior of thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) in a customized foaming system using carbon dioxide (CO2) as a physical blowing agent. Foams with different cellular morphology have been obtained depending on different TPU material and foaming conditions. The influence of different TPU material and foaming conditions (pressure, temperature and time) on the expansion behavior and the foam structure are discussed.
Christian Hopmann, Walter Michaeli, Jan Fragner, May 2012
Electrical conductive plastics compounds based on one type of filler show limited electrical conductivities. By combining different fillers synergetic effects can be obtained regarding not only the electrical conductivity but also the mechanical properties or processability. In this paper the synergetic effect of carbon fibers combined with carbon black, carbon nanotubes and a low melting metal alloy in a polypropylene matrix is discussed
Walter Michaeli, Christian Hopmann, Sebastian Grammel, May 2012
This paper presents a fully 3D numerical approach to simulate the melting process in a single screw extruder using the software Fluent distributed by ANSYS, Inc. The model predicts the melting length, pressure build?up and the velocity and temperature distribution within the channel. The screw geometry is modeled as a helical shaped channel and the principle of reversed kinematics is applied. The solid bed is modeled as a fluid with a very high viscosity.
Coextrusion is a complex process where many processing and structure design factors affect performance. As a result, problems can be difficult to troubleshoot. This paper explores some of the recent advances in the science of coextrusion with a focus on using this knowledge to prevent and troubleshoot problems. Issues involving multilayer film design and properties (compared to monolayer films), curl and adhesion are discussed.
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Any article that is cited in another manuscript or other work is required to use the correct reference style. Below is an example of the reference style for SPE articles:
Brown, H. L. and Jones, D. H. 2016, May.
"Insert title of paper here in quotes,"
ANTEC 2016 - Indianapolis, Indiana, USA May 23-25, 2016. [On-line].
Society of Plastics Engineers
Available: www.4spe.org.
Note: if there are more than three authors you may use the first author's name and et al. EG Brown, H. L. et al.
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