SPE Library

The SPE Library contains thousands of papers, presentations, journal briefs and recorded webinars from the best minds in the Plastics Industry. Spanning almost two decades, this collection of published research and development work in polymer science and plastics technology is a wealth of knowledge and information for anyone involved in plastics.

The SPE Library is just one of the great benefits of being an SPE member! Are you taking advantage of all of your SPE Benefits?

Not an SPE member? Join today!

Use % to separate multiple keywords.

Search SPE Library

Conference Proceedings

SCRATCH VISIBILITY: ERICHSEN DELTA L AND ASTM/ISO ASSESSMENTS OF TPO RESINS

Jiang Li, Scooter Jones, Thomas Traugott, Hung-Jue Sue, Robert Browning, Peng Liu, May 2011

Automotive parts are constantly subjected to harsh environmental abuse but still must meet consumer's aesthetic scrutiny. Surface durability is especially important and scratch resistance has been an area of interest for design experts and polymer engineers. Two significant approaches to measuring this phenomenon have emerged: Erichsen Delta L and ASTM/ISO progressive load test. This paper will compare assessments obtained from the two methodologies.

OPTIMIZATION OF RELEASE COATING SYSTEMS

Evan Silo, May 2011

Mold release agents, also called release coatings or mold lubricants frequently hold the key to the success of a molding operation. Often, however, the choice of the type of release coating is an afterthought. As many know, the wrong release agent can lead to increased downtime, increased reject rate and overall lower efficiency. Early matching of the proper release coating system with your particular material and molding process will reduce start-up problems and contribute to a more trouble-free process.

MULTILAYER CYCLIC OLEFIN COPOLYMER PROCESSING STUDY

Sarah Schirmer, Danielle Froio, Jo Ann Ratto, Jeanne Lucciarini, May 2011

Multilayer films consisting of cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) skin layers and ethylene co-vinyl alcohol (EVOH) or nylon core layers were investigated for their barrier and mechanical properties, as high barrier materials for possible use in military rations packaging. Two different grades of EVOH along with a nylon nanocomposite were processed via cast film extrusion, while processing temperature and chill roll configuration was varied. Characterization of the cast multilayer films included oxygen and water vapor permeation testing.

FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF CREEP DEFORMATION IN THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITES

Runyuan Bai, Christopher Richards, May 2011

Profiles of thermoplastic composite materials will creep and deform under loads and thermal stresses with duration depending on thermal conditions. Finite element analysis (FEA) has been performed which combines the time and temperature dependencies of the stress relaxation modulus of the materials. This analysis will benefit proof-of-design concepts, extrusion cooling processes and product life predictions.

PRINCIPALS OF THE TWINWELD SYSTEM

Chris Korson, May 2011

The Twinweld laser plastic welding system is a process which utilizes two sources of radiant energy to weld optically clear parts to laser opaque parts at higher speeds and offering higher weld strengths while reducing residual stresses in the finished component. It also has the capability to reduce bridge gaps at the welding interfaces of the two components which may exist prior to welding.

LATERAL STRESS AND BULK DENSITY OF PET RESIN WITH RE-CYCLE

Stephen Derezinski, May 2011

Solids conveying depends on the specific gravity and the lateral stress of the feed resin. Laboratory measurements show that the addition of re-cycle PET flakes to virgin PET pellet resin feed significantly changes its lateral stress and specific gravity. Data for different ratios of re-cycle flake to PET pellets are presented. Also, data for 100% PET pellet feed and 100% PET re-cycle flakes are given for comparison.

WHAT EVERY PLASTICS PROFESSIONAL SHOULD KNOW ABOUT PATENTS AND PATENTING - PART 4: THE NON-OBVIOUSNESS REQUIREMENT FOR PATENTABILITY IN LIGHT OF KSR v. TELEFLEX

Amad Tayebi, May 2011

This article provides a brief summary of the U.S. Supreme Court Decision in KSR v. Teleflex and how that decision has impacted the guidelines patent examiners are expected to follow in their determination of whether a patent claim is obvious These guidelines were first published in the Federal Register a few months after the Court's decision was released.

PLASTIC PACKAGING: A CURRENT PERSEPCTIVE ON SUSTAINABILITY

Bonnie Bachman, Shristy Bashyal, Margaret Baumann, May 2011

Five plastic packaging producers, machine manufacturers, and/or resin manufacturers are studied to conduct case study research to understand the approaches they are taking to use sustainable packaging. This industry view point is conducted to generate information regarding environmental pressures these companies are facing and the strategies they are implementing to be competitive and sustainable.

SIMULATION OF MICROPELLETIZING MECHANISMS

William Aquite, Moritz Engerer, Martin Launhardt, Tim Osswald, Natalie Rudolph, May 2011

A newly developed technique allows production of pellets with a spherical shape and size in the micrometer-scale. This is achieved by extruding a polymer melt through a capillary and stretching it with a hot air stream. This work presents the first approach to simulate this process. The deformation, presence of Rayleigh instabilities and primary breakup of a fluid thread that is continuously flowing from a channel is simulated using the OpenFOAM fluid dynamics package.

EFFECT OF HYBRID COMPATIBILIZERS ON MECHANICAL PROPERTY OF TERNARY BLEND WITH POLYPROPYLENE, POLY (LACTIC ACID) AND TPO

Hyun-sup Lee, Seung-hyuk Kim, Jong-duk Kim, May 2011

In this study, ternary blend included with Polypropylene, Poly (lactic acid) and Polyolefin Elastomer was prepared using melt blending technique. In order to overcome the poor compatibility of among PP, PLA and TPO, several sorts of compatibilizers were tested. In addition to that, we evaluated the annealing effect of injection molded ternary blend. As a result, we could improve the thermal and mechanical properties of ternary blend by adding hybrid compatibilizers with 3 wt%, respectively.

FOCAL LENGTH CONTROL OF INJECTION-MOLDED PLASTIC LENSES VIA MODEL FREE OPTIMIZATION

Xiangsong Kong, Zhijang Shao, Xi Chen, May 2011

Optical quality is the vital concern of injection-molded plastic optical lenses. Focal length is a key quality attribute of a lens to be controlled. A systematic model-free optimization (MFO) method is proposed to control the focal length. Both the gradient-free and gradient-based algorithms are developed. The effectiveness of the MFO method has been demonstrated through experiments. Comparisions with the model-based optimization (MBO) method are also conducted.

RHEOLOGICAL STUDIES ON A NOVEL LIQUID CRYSTALLINE EPOXY THERMOSET

Pihui Pi, Weicheng Wang, Yinling Liu, Zhi-qi Cai, Xiufang Wen, Jiang Cheng, Zhuoru Yang, May 2011

Liquid crystalline epoxy thermosets were prepared by adding 3,3',5,5'-Tetramethylbiphenyl-4,4'-diyl bis(4-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)benzoate) (M1) into diglycidylether of bisphenol A (DGEBA)/ 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl methane (DDM) blends. Rheological tests with constant temperature and time tests under constant mechanical shear load conditions were performed by using rheometry instrument.

INVESTIGATION ON WARPAGE BEHAVIOR OF DVD-DISK IN INJECTION COMPRESSION MOLDING

Shia-Chung Chen, Guan-Hua Lee, Chia-Yen Tseng, TzuChau Chen, Hsien-Sen Chiu, Chih-Chung Hsu, May 2011

In this study, the Injection Compression Molding (ICM) process was simulated with a DVD-disk model using the Moldex3D-ICM module. An ICM experiment was also conducted to verify the simulation results. The effects of the process parameters such as compression force, delay time and switch time on warpage behavior are investigated. The experimental results show that a high compression force causes low deflection, while a longer delay time or switch time induces higher deflection.

COMPOSITES FOR NAVAL APPLICATIONS: FIRE, SMOKE, AND TOXICITY MATERIAL TESTING AND REQUIREMENTS

Michael Lee, May 2011

Composite use aboard naval vessels has increased as militaries strive to reduce acquisition and maintenance costs as well as improve the structural and operational performance of naval craft. However, strict performance and safety requirements have hindered the use of composites in naval vessels. Fire, Smoke, and Toxicity (FST) requirements have made using composites aboard naval vessels a challenging application. This paper presents the FST requirements and a high level overview of replacing steel with composites.

HYDROPHOBIC THERMOPLASTIC POLYURETHANES

Anthony Walder, Donald Meltzer, Daphne Robinson, May 2011

Thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPUs) are a class of thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) that are used in a variety of medical applications. TPUs exhibit low temperature flexibility, excellent abrasion resistance, high tensile strength and good processing characteristics. The softest TPUs historically used in medical applications exhibit a Shore Durometer above 70A. A medical grade TPU with a Shore Durometer of 62A will be presented. This softness is achieved without the use of plasticizers as is often the case with many other soft TPEs.

TRANSPARENT FLAME RETARDANT PEN/PET ALLOY FOR DIGITAL TV FRAME

In Kim, Manwar Hussain, Philjoong Yoon, May 2011

The paper relates to a unique flame retardant (FR) composition in which polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) are in the form of polymer blend by low shear melt extrusion process. The composition provides excellent flame retardant with good anti-dipping property, especially is able to mold transparent articles such as next generation TV frames, computer, video game console, and appliance housing applications

PERVASIVE INNOVATION: TAKING INNOVATION DEEP AND WIDE ACROSS AND THROUGH THE ORGANIZATION

Bonnie Bachman, Stephen Bozzone, May 2011

One of the fundamental tenets of management is that human capital can provide an essential competitive advantage for a business. Concurrent innovation is a process for managing new product development cycles, from the ideation stage to implementation by using parallel streams of innovation and collaboration across boundaries.

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE EJECTION FORCES FOR POLYMER RESINS

Alias Mohd, Colin Hindle, May 2011

The development and manufacture of the tool for injection molding is a complex task which demands highly skilled and experienced operator. This paper is to analyze the ejection force for different selected polymer resins which is having a series of surface roughness. The research was carried out on a cylinder shaped molding with variations in wall thicknesses. The result reveals that PA6 required high ejection force due to surface texture generated compared with HIPS and ABS.

HIGH FLOW GLASS FIBER FILLED AROMATIC POLYAMIDE RESINS

Anirban Ganguly, Susanta Mitra, Reema Sinha, Anton Kumanan, Anne Bolvari, May 2011

Novel idea of using hyperbranched polymers - dendritic aliphatic polyesters (DAP) as flow promoters in highly glass fiber reinforced polyamides (GF-PA) system is depicted in this paper. Different concentrations and types of DAPs is employed and these are found to be effective in modifying flow from 10% to 160% with the at as low as 0.5 to 3 weight % concentration for GF-PA without affecting the enabling mechanical and thermal properties.

UV-CURE COATINGS ON PLASTICS ADVANTAGES AND APPLICATIONS

Vladimir Shteynberg, May 2011

The first UV coating was introduced to US Market more then 35 years ago sometimes in the early 70th of the last century. Since then UV coatings steadily grew in North America consumption from modest 1.3M gallons per year to 290M gal of projected sales in 2010. Growth in UV coating started with Inks and Overprint Varnishes following the Wood coatings and finally with advancement in technology for radiation cure coating for metals and plastics started to emerge into the market place.