SPE Library

The SPE Library contains thousands of papers, presentations, journal briefs and recorded webinars from the best minds in the Plastics Industry. Spanning almost two decades, this collection of published research and development work in polymer science and plastics technology is a wealth of knowledge and information for anyone involved in plastics.

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Conference Proceedings

IMPROVEMENT OF TRANSPARENCY AND PROCESSING PROPERTIES OF HARD TPU MATERIALS

Oliver Henze , Erik Waßner , Rüdiger Krech, May 2010

A statistical model is discussed which will help to understand the sequence length distribution of thermoplastic polyurethane block copolymers. Using this model processing range and transparency of some TPU materials were correlated to the theoretical segment length distribution. Considering this analysis some new Elastollan® 1200 materials (E 1200 materials) were developed. Due to the wide processing range and the high transparency of these new materials they are suitable to an increased number of applications.

DESIGNING FOR DIVERSE LOADING CONDITIONS AND PREDICTABLE FAILURE IN A COMPOSITE HYDROFOIL

Wesley Petersen , Nicole Larson, May 2010

A hydrofoil is subjected to many unique and varied loading situations. It must both withstand design loads and fail in a way that does not pose a hazard to the vessel it is attached to or the operators and/or passengers on board. This research investigates designing for several loading situations, while an attempt is made to ensure potential failure occurs in a specific, predictable and contained manner

PHYSICAL FOAMING OF ELASTOMERS IN THE INJECTION MOLDING PROCESS

W. Michaeli, U. Masberg, May 2010

Besides material and cost reduction the production of foamed elastomer parts offers the possibility to adjust part properties by modifying the cellular structure. This paper describes the physical foaming of rubber from its first step which is the dissolving of inert gases in the material to the foaming itself, its necessary equipment and different ways of conducting the process. Furthermore it discusses how to obtain desired part properties by varying process parameters.

A REAL-TIME SYSTEM FOR THE INSPECTION OF TEXTURED SURFACES

Pavel Huta?, Martin Šev?ík, Luboš Náhlík, Ivaylo Mitev, Andreas Frank, Gerald Pinter, May 2010

Embossed or printed plastic surfaces are widely used as decoration elements. However, no inspection systems exist that can inspect products with irregular textures such as artificial leather or imitation wood. This paper describes a system for the inline inspection of extruded surfaces with irregular textures. By incorporating algorithms for texture analysis into an inspection system, defects can be reliably detected and classified at real-time.

SOFT TIP ABRASION RESISTANT PRY BAR FOR ROTATIONAL MOLDING

Yogesh Vakharia, May 2010

The current practice of using steel pry bars to open a rotational mold and de-mold the parts during the rotational molding process is one of the primary causes of damage to expensive aluminum molds and molded parts. Pry bars with soft but tough and abrasion resistant molded tips will reduce the mold damage during the de-molding process. Introduction

SOFT TIP ABRASION RESISTANT PRY BAR FOR ROTATIONAL MOLDING

Yogesh Vakharia, May 2010

The current practice of using steel pry bars to open a rotational mold and de-mold the parts during the rotational molding process is one of the primary causes of damage to expensive aluminum molds and molded parts.Pry bars with soft but tough and abrasion resistant molded tips will reduce the mold damage during the de-molding process.

ISOTHERMAL CRYSTALLIZATION STUDIES ARE ENHANCED BY DSC FAST COOLING

Andrew W. Salamon , Peng Ye , Kevin Menard, May 2010

Isothermal crystallization experiments provide useful information for applications concerning the processing of fibers films soda bottles and injection molding. This isothermal crystallization study demonstrates a new extraordinary and unique extreme-precision-cooling-rate of a Double Furnace Power Compensation DSC. This new cooling technique called Ballistic Cooling. Plastics foods pharmaceutical and other applications will benefit from these new cooling techniques.

ISOTHERMAL CRYSTALLIZATION STUDIES ARE ENHANCED BY DSC FAST COOLING

Andrew W. Salamon , Peng Ye , Kevin Menard, May 2010

Isothermal crystallization experiments provide useful information for applications concerning the processing of fibers, films, soda bottles, and injection molding. This isothermal crystallization study demonstrates a new, extraordinary, and unique, extreme-precision-cooling-rate of a Double Furnace Power Compensation DSC. This new cooling technique called Ballistic Cooling. Plastics, foods, pharmaceutical, and other applications will benefit from these new cooling techniques.

MANAGEMENT 101: LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT LESSONS LEARNED FROM MY YEARS IN CORPORATE AMERICA

Ivan D. Lopez, Fritz Klaiber, Tim A. Osswald, May 2010

Reductions in force, layoffs and early retirements have left a management and leadership voids in many corporations. As a result, many good candidates have been pushed into leadership positions without the training, skills development and/or experiences that their predecessors have had in the past. This article is intended to summarize a series of lessons learned from my management experiences during my twentyƒ??seven year tenure at Xerox Corporation.

BIAXIAL FORMING BEHAVIOR OF DECORATIVE FILM LAMINATES

A.K. Bledzki, M. Rohleder, H. Kirschling, May 2010

Biaxial Forming Behavior of Decorative Film Laminates

THERMOPLASTIC POLYIMIDE- POLYETHERETHERKETONE BLENDS WITH EXCEPTIONAL HIGH TEMPERATURE PROPERTIES

Kapil C. Sheth , Robert R. Gallucci , Gurulingamurthy Haralur, May 2010

New thermoplastic polyimide (TPI) ƒ?? polyetheretherketone (PEEK) blends improve high temperature load bearing capability and dimensional stability of PEEK. These phase-separated blends maintain PEEKƒ??s fast crystallization rate unlike other one-phase miscible PEEK blends. Blend compositions can be varied to tailor mechanical thermal flow and end-use properties for a wide-array of applications.

EFFECT OF MOLECULAR ORIENTATION INDUCED BY ULTRA-HIGH INJECTION SPEED ON SCRATCH BEHAVIOR OF POLYPROPYLENE (PP)

Peming Hsu, Jui-Pin Yang, Shyh-shin Hwang, Ying-Zhong Lai, May 2010

A linearly increasing load scratch test based on ISO 19252 was performed to study scratch behavior of injection molded polypropylene (PP) at different injection speeds of 10, 100, and 1000 mm/sec. The results showed that higher injection speed led to higher scratch resistance. Wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) results showed that high injection speed induced higher crystalline orientation near the surface. It was found that highly oriented polymer chains caused higher scratch resistance.

THERMO-MECHANICAL STUDIES OF DOUBLE NETWORK ELASTOMERIC SYSTEM

Naveen K. Singh , Alan Lesser, May 2010

A new approach to prepare and characterize double network elastomeric system is investigated. A styrene-ethylene-co-butylene-styrene (SEBS) triblock copolymer system containing physical crosslinks is used to achieve a double network additional crosslinking using ultra-violet (UV) light. Results from conventional monotonic tensile tests and thermo-mechanical properties are presented.

STUDY ON DISPERSIBILITY OF CARBON NANOTUBES IN CHITOSAN COMPOSITES

Yeong-Tarng Shieh , Hong-Mao Wu, May 2010

The dispersibility of carbon nanotubes (CNT) in water of different pH and in aqueous chitosan (CS) solution acidified with different acids were investigated. The untreated CNT could not disperse in water of 1 ? pH < 13 whereas the acid-treated CNT could well disperse in this range except the pH ? 3. CS was soluble in water of pH ? 3. This paper presents an investigation on the dispersibility of CNT in CS in aqueous solutions and in composite films.

STUDY ON DISPERSIBILITY OF CARBON NANOTUBES IN CHITOSAN COMPOSITES

Yeong-Tarng Shieh , Hong-Mao Wu, May 2010

The dispersibility of carbon nanotubes (CNT) inwater of different pH and in aqueous chitosan (CS)solution acidified with different acids were investigated.The untreated CNT could not disperse in water of 1 ' pH< 13 whereas the acid-treated CNT could well disperse inthis range except the pH ' 3. CS was soluble in water ofpH ' 3. This paper presents an investigation on thedispersibility of CNT in CS in aqueous solutions and incomposite films.

SILOXANE-POLYETHERIMIDE BLOCK COPOLYMERS

Yashpal J. Bhandari , Gurulingamurthy Haralur , Peter Catsman, May 2010

A New High Heat SILTEM?? polyetherimidesiloxane block copolymer with Tg of ~202 oC is developed. It is an amophous melt processable polymer along with low flexural modulus. These polymers form transparent miscible blends with existing polyetherimidesiloxane polymer across all compositions resulting in a wider range of properties a enabling use in a gamut of applications

HOW NUCLEATED MMW HDPE RESINS INFLUENCE BARRIER FILM STRUCTURE DESIGN

Jonathan Jeffery Stanger, Nick Tucker, Nigel Larsen, Mark Staiger, Roger Reeves, May 2010

This paper describes a film structure study involving nucleated medium molecular weight high density polyethylene (MMW HDPE) materials that enhance film properties. Using these new nucleated MMW HDPEs, several film structures have been designed to improve moisture barrier, oxygen barrier, toughness and cost, as well as reduce the environmental footprint by downgauging existing film structures. The films in this study use a variety of polyethylene materials commonly used in the film converting industry.

MORPHOLOGY DEVELOPMENT AND INTERFACIAL INTERACTIONS IN POLYCAPROLACTONE/THERMOPLASTIC STARCH BLENDS

Mariajosé Pineda Manzano, Joel Bohórquez, May 2010

The coalescence, continuity development, dynamic and static mechanical properties, as well as interfacial interactions, were studied for polycaprolactone/thermoplastic starch blends. These materials, prepared by a one-step extrusion process, demonstrate the features of a highly interacting system and the tensile mechanical properties demonstrate exceptional ductility at very high levels of thermoplastic starch without any added interfacial modifier.

PET/CLAY NANOCOMPOSITES BY MELT COMPOUNDING

Ghasemi Hesam , Carreau Pierre J. , Kamal Musa R, May 2010

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) nanocomposites were prepared via melt compounding of PET and different levels of organomodified silicate layers. Cloisite 30B and thermally stable phosphonium modified montmorillonite were mixed with PET, using an internal mixer or a twin screw extruder. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to evaluate the effects of composition and processing conditions on the quality of the nanocomposites.

EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE AND ROLL PRESSING ON THE PROPERTIES OF IPP SHEETS

David Kazmer, , Stephen Johnston, Darin VanDerwalker, May 2010

By using a processing of gas-cooling and roll pressing (GCRP), the temperature, strain and stress of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) sheets can be controlled and both ?ý-modification and ?ñ-modification can be found in the sheets. The tensile strength of sheet in longitudinal direction increased by 14.1% at most, tensile modulus 14.2%, flexural strength 50.3% and impact strength 22.2%. Therefore the strength and toughness of iPP can be increased simultaneously by GCRP.