SPE Library
The SPE Library contains thousands of papers, presentations, journal briefs and recorded webinars from the best minds in the Plastics Industry. Spanning almost two decades, this collection of published research and development work in polymer science and plastics technology is a wealth of knowledge and information for anyone involved in plastics.
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Recycling
A unique, high-flow, drapable, soft reprocessable material
Ashok Adur, November 2010
A new pelletizable, reprocessable composition can be converted into a nonwoven material or a fabric suitable for spin bonding.
Freeze-thawed hydrogels for modeling blood vessels
Colin Stanley, Philip Walsh, Austin Coffey, October 2010
Artificial materials that match both the physical dimensions and mechanical properties of biological blood vessels could be useful in biomedical simulation experiments.
Trends in Bio-renewable Thermoplastics Elastomers
Krishna Venkataswamy, October 2010
Thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) have been traditionally compounded and manufactured from raw materials based on fossil fuels. Current trends in marketplace abounds sustainability programs. TPEs are no exception to this trend. In a recent editorial, the authors stated “Through research and application, sustainability can evolve from a catchphrase to a societal one”. More than two decades ago the Brundtland Commission (formerly the World Commission on Environment and Development, WCED), deliberated sustainable development issue and gave a definition of sustainability: “Sustainable development meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
Oil-palm fiber as natural reinforcement for polymer composites
Farid Nasir Ani, Aznizam Abu Bakar, Arshad Salema , Azman Hassan, October 2010
The importance of natural fibers as reinforcement or fillers in polymers is increasing, but limitations have prevented them from totally replacing synthetic fibers.
Bioplastics and global sustainability
J. N. Swamy, Balaji Singh, October 2010
Application of bioplastics is in its infancy stage but holds significant promise in developing sustainable plastics for the future.
Synergistic effects on nonisothermal poly(lactic acid) crystallization
Hanwen Xiao, September 2010
The combination of plasticizers and nucleating agents accelerates the crystallization rate of poly(lactic acid).
Reinforced biocomposites with guaranteed degradability in soil
Sigbritt Karlsson, Rosana Moriana , Amparo Ribes-Greus, August 2010
The addition of cotton fibers to a starch-based commercial material maintains its thermal stability and assures its biodegradation.
Degradation behavior of aliphatic biodegradable polyesters
Guoping Chen, August 2010
Structural changes of polyesters during in vitro incubation provide insights into their degradation that could be important for development of biomedical applications.
Predicting starch transformation in twin screw extrusion
Bruno Vergnes, Franoise Berzin, July 2010
Dedicated software makes it possible to predict the change in the intrinsic viscosity of starch.
Nanofillers improve the mechanical properties of recycled polypropylene
Ahmed Elloumi, Alain Bourmaud, Sylvie Pimbert, June 2010
The impact and modulus of polypropylene reinforced with nanocalcium carbonate correlate with morphology, filler level, and the effect of recycling on the resin matrix.
Accelerating the crystallization of poly(lactic acid)
Changyu Shen, Defu Hu, Ming Li, Yaming Wang, May 2010
Combining nucleation agents and plasticizers enhances the material's crystallization rate and could extend its range of applications.
Chemical modification of flexible poly(vinyl chloride) by nucleophilic substitution
Toshiaki Yoshioka, Guido Grause, Tomohito Kameda, May 2010
A new method of removing chlorine from an everyday waste plastic promises to increase the amount of recyclable material.
New leather- and rubber-waste composites for use in footwear
Manuel F. Almeida, Maria J. Ferreira, Fernanda Freitas, May 2010
A sustainable solution for hazardous waste from roughing and carding processes generates nontoxic rubber composites for use in shoe soles.
A STUDY OF ELECTROSPUN POLYCAPROLACTONE (PCL) FIBERS FOR POSSIBLE BIO-ABSORBABLE MESH REPLACEMENT IN VAGINAL SURGERY
Sandeep Manandhar , Nandika D’Souza , Philippe Zimmern, May 2010
The importance of electrospun fibers as tissue scaffolds has been an area of significant growth. In this work, we will utilize electrospinning in conjunction with a biodegradable polymer, Polycaprolactone (PCL) to make thin fibers. These PCL fibers can be made into a mesh for tissue scaffolds. Electrospinning utilizes electrostatic force to draw fibers from solution.
A NOVEL 3-D BLOW MOLDING METHOD AND ITS PART THICKNESS CONTROL STRATEGY
Geng-Qun Huang , Han-Xiong Huang, May 2010
In this study, a novel air traction 3-D blow molding machine was presented. Distinct from conventional blow molding machine, this 3-D blow molding machine utilized compressed air to draw the extruded parison through the closed mold. The results showed that the new 3-D molding machine was low flash waste and high molding quality. To further improve the performance of the 3-D blow molded product, a control strategy based on fuzzy iterative learning control algorithm was designed and implemented to control the wall thickness of blow molded part. The results showed that after five times iterations, the average axial thickness of 3-D bend pipe converged to the object area of thickness.
A STUDY OF THE FACTORS INFLUENCING THE PERFORMANCE OF A DIRECT TO PLASTICS WATER BASED COATING FOR THERMOPLASTIC OLEFINS
Jun Tian, Sung Dug Kim, Shreyas Chakravarti, May 2010
There is an increasing trend towards the use of Thermoplastic Polyolefins (TPO) in the marketplace particularly in the automotive sector due to the desirable mechanical properties. In order to achieve adhesion of coatings to TPO, automotive manufacturers have traditionally used solvent based chemical adhesion promoters or other forms of surface pretreatment to overcome the lack of bonding sites on this low surface energy substrate. Each of these pretreatment methods has their own drawbacks and all add an extra step to the coating process. A water based direct to plastics (DTP) coating for TPO is therefore very desirable due to the lack of flammable, environmentally detrimental solvent as well as the elimination of the pretreatment step. The barriers to achieving adhesion to TPO with a water based coating include the inability to wet out water over such a low surface tension substrate and the lack of bonding sites on the substrate. Once the barriers to adhesion are overcome, the coating must still meet the performance requirements of the finished coating. This paper explores a water based DTP coating and the role that adhesion promoters, surface tension modifiers, and resin systems play in the adhesion and overall performance of the coating on TPO. The study indicates that the selection and concentration of each of these is very important in overcoming the barriers to applying a water based DTP coating to TPO and achieving the overall performance required. In addition, the curing schedule for the coating systems examined plays a critical role in achieving the desired results.
A STUDY ON MATERIAL DISTRIBUTION AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES IN CO-INJECTION MOLDING
Yottha Srithep , Bob Miller , Rachmat Mulyana Maria G. Villarreal , Jose M. Castro, May 2010
In the co-injection molding process, sometimesreferred to as sandwich molding, two different polymermelts are either simultaneously or sequentially injectedinto a mold to form a part with a skin/core structure. Coinjectionmolding offers the flexibility of using the bestproperties of each material to reduce material cost andpart weight. Particularly, it allows, the use of recycledmaterial in the core without an adverse effect on surfacequality. The properties of a co-injection molded productdepend on the individual properties of the skin and corelayers, and the skin/core volume ratio. This paper presentsa study of the effect of molding parameters on materialdistribution and mechanical properties of co-injectionmolded plates. Two virgin materials were triedpolypropylene (PP), and thermoplastic polyolefin (TPO)as well as grinded TPO from plastic bumpers.
BLENDING OF RECYCLE PE BLOWN FILM AND INJECTION MOULDING GRADES
Jeremy R. Austin, May 2010
The affects on the mechanical and rheological properties of blends of recycled blown film (BM) and injection moulded milk containers (IM) were studied. Tensile, flexural and thermal properties remained unchanged with resultant increasing MFI. Anomalous results appear to occur between the 80/20% w/w (BM/IM) and 60/40% w/w (BM/IM) blends as confirmed by GPC, MFI and density.
ADHESION OF BIODEGRADABLE PLASTICS WITH BONE: A COMPARATIVE STUDY USING COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE SCREW / PLATE SYSTEM AND BIODEGRADABLE POLYMER MELT ADHESIVES
Anshuman Shrivastava , Jeffrey Weinzweig , Stephen McCarthy, May 2010
Biodegradable bone plates are commonly secured to bone surfaces using screws in craniomaxillofacial surgery. Using melt adhesives potentially replaces the need for existing screws and the associated complex techniques and equipment. Previously we have shown the advantages of using biodegradable melt adhesives over screw systems. A time-based study comparing the effect of using melt adhesives and screws to secure bone implants to bone in a live goat model was performed. This paper demonstrates and compares the impact of using screws, plates, and melt adhesives on the healing of bone and operative time.
ADHESION OF BIODEGRADBLE PLASTICS WITH BONE: A COMPARATIVE STUDY USING COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE SCREW / PLATE SYSTEM AND BIODEGRADABLE POLYMER MELT ADHESIVES
Anshuman Shrivastava , Jeffrey Weinzweig , Stephen McCarthy, May 2010
Biodegradable bone plates are commonly secured to bone surfaces using screws in craniomaxillofacial surgery. Using melt adhesives potentially replaces the need for existing screws and the associated complex techniques and equipment. Previously we have shown the advantages of using biodegradable melt adhesives over screw systems [1]. A time-based study comparing the effect of using melt adhesives and screws to secure bone implants to bone in a live goat model was performed. This paper demonstrates and compares the impact of using screws plates and melt adhesives on the healing of bone and operative time.
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